Charged metal ball wrapped in rubber or other insulator

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the behavior of a charged metal ball in various environments, specifically addressing whether it will discharge over time when placed on a wooden table, wrapped in an insulator, or floating in a vacuum. The scope includes theoretical considerations of electrostatics and the influence of surrounding conditions.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions if a charged metal ball will discharge if left untouched on a wooden table, suggesting that it may not discharge unless connected to a ground.
  • Another participant proposes that while the ball should theoretically not discharge, it might lose charge over time through the air rather than the wood.
  • A later reply emphasizes that the term "never" is an exaggeration and suggests that discharge could occur naturally over a long period.
  • Participants discuss the implications of the ball being in a vacuum, questioning whether electrons can jump in such an environment and if that would require a significant amount of charge.
  • Concerns are raised about the nature of the vacuum, with one participant noting that solar wind could introduce charged particles that might affect the ball.
  • Another participant highlights that in a man-made vacuum, factors such as imperfect insulators and cosmic rays could lead to eventual discharge of the charged object.
  • One participant concludes that unless external factors allow for charge dissipation, the charge could last indefinitely, but acknowledges uncertainty regarding external influences.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on whether the charged ball will discharge over time, with some suggesting it may not discharge indefinitely under certain conditions, while others argue that various external factors could lead to discharge. The discussion remains unresolved with multiple competing perspectives.

Contextual Notes

Participants note limitations related to the definitions of "vacuum," the nature of insulators, and the influence of external factors such as solar wind and cosmic rays, which are not fully resolved in the discussion.

PhDnotForMe
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If I have a metal electric conducting ball the size of an average snowball (Happy Holidays) and give it a charge of say 0.1 Coulombs and set it on a wooden table, will it ever discharge if not touched by anything else? If so, if it is wrapped in an electrical insulator, will it ever discharge within in the same scenario? If so, if the ball was hovering in a vacuum environment will it ever discharge?
 
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It will not discharge unless it is touched by a conductor connected to ground. Otherwise, the charges within the material that the ball is adjacent to will be drawn to the surface closest to the ball.
 
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So charged metal ball touching a wooden table will never discharge? Even after a long time like a year?
 
If you mean never as in forever, that is an exaggeration. In theory, it should not. Although, I would be somewhat confident that it would discharge naturally through the air, rather than the wood, after a long time.
 
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osilmag said:
If you mean never as in forever, that is an exaggeration. In theory, it should not. Although, I would be somewhat confident that it would discharge naturally through the air, rather than the wood, after a long time.
I see. What if the ball was floating in a vacuum? Would it ever discharge? Can electrons jump within a vacuum or would that require an absurdly high amount of charge
 
PhDnotForMe said:
So charged metal ball touching a wooden table will never discharge? Even after a long time like a year?
Presumably there will be ions in the ambient air. What do you think might happen?
PhDnotForMe said:
I see. What if the ball was floating in a vacuum? Would it ever discharge? Can electrons jump within a vacuum or would that require an absurdly high amount of charge
Depends upon what you specify as "vacuum". If it's simply a region of space within our solar system, remember that the solar wind which fills that space has many charged particles.
 
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gneill said:
If it's simply a region of space within our solar system, remember that the solar wind which fills that space has many charged particles.
If it is a man made vacuum on Earth in my living room, will the charged object inside ever discharge?
 
PhDnotForMe said:
If it is a man made vacuum on Earth in my living room, will the charged object inside ever discharge?
I think that there would be a lot to investigate about how you isolate the charged object. No insulator made of real material is perfect; The existence of gravity means you'll need to support the object somehow. That and cosmic rays will still penetrate any container you can reasonably construct in your living room, so yeah, it'll very much likely discharge given sufficient time.
 
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PhDnotForMe said:
If so, if the ball was hovering in a vacuum environment will it ever discharge?
Unless there is something external that allows the charge to dissipate or be cancelled, the charge will last indefinitely. I think that was your question.

However, there is considerable doubt about that "unless" part. There are many external things to influence the ball both on Earth and in space, and forever is a very long time. That is why the answer is more than a simple yes or no.
 
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