Charged particles mass before symmetry breaking

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the concept of electrically charged particles and their mass in the context of symmetry breaking, particularly focusing on the implications of masslessness prior to this phenomenon. The scope includes theoretical considerations related to particle physics and the Higgs mechanism.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions how electrically charged particles could be massless before symmetry breaking, suggesting that energy stored in the electric field might contribute to mass.
  • Another participant expresses surprise at the notion of massless electrically charged particles and speculates on the behavior of such particles moving at light speed, considering their ability to gain or lose energy.
  • A third participant references the Higgs field and its role in the Standard Model, explaining how it breaks symmetry and gives mass to gauge bosons and other fundamental particles, although the relevance to the original question is questioned.
  • A later reply discusses the unique characteristics of the electric field in massless quantum electrodynamics (QED), noting that electric charge diminishes logarithmically at long distances and that virtual particle-antiparticle pairs can screen charges, affecting the nature of forces.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not appear to reach a consensus, as there are multiple competing views regarding the implications of masslessness and the role of the Higgs field, along with differing interpretations of electric fields in this context.

Contextual Notes

The discussion includes assumptions about the nature of massless particles and the behavior of electric fields, which may not be fully resolved. The implications of the Higgs mechanism and its effects on particle mass are also complex and not universally agreed upon.

Geanta
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How could electrically charged particles be massless before the symmetry breaking? Wouldn't the energy stored in the electric field contribute to particles mass?
 
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I didn't know there were any electrically charged massless particles.
It is interesting to contemplate an electric charge moving through space at light speed.
I guess it would be able to gain or loose energy on the fly.
 
Is the following relevant to the OP question?

From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higgs_boson#Higgs_field
According to the Standard Model, a field of the necessary kind (the Higgs field) exists throughout space and breaks certain symmetry laws of the electroweak interaction. Via the Higgs mechanism, this field causes the gauge bosons of the weak force to be massive at all temperatures below an extreme high value. When the weak force bosons acquire mass, this affects their range, which becomes very small. Furthermore, it was later realized that the same field would also explain, in a different way, why other fundamental constituents of matter (including electrons and quarks) have mass.​
 
The electric field for massless QED is very different from what you're used to. Specifically, the electric charge will go to zero logarithmically at long distances, so you won't have long-range Coulomb forces. The heuristic behind this is that it becomes "cheap" to create virtual massless particle-antiparticle pairs which screen any charge. Then it takes arbitrarily little energy to add another particle-antiparticle pair.
 
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