Charging by Friction: Explanation and Questions

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    Charging Friction
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Charging by friction occurs when two materials, like a glass rod and silk cloth, are rubbed together, causing a transfer of electrons due to their differing electron affinities. The energy input from rubbing the materials does positive work on both, while friction does negative work, resulting in energy being stored as potential energy in the system. This energy facilitates the movement of electrons from the glass rod to the silk cloth, leading to the glass rod acquiring a positive charge and the silk cloth a negative charge. Friction is essential for this process, as it enables the effective transfer of energy required to extract electrons; without it, charging would be inefficient. The discussion emphasizes the relationship between work done, energy conversion, and the role of friction in charging by friction.
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hi! sir , please just tell me that this below explanation of charging by friction is right or not?
If anything wrong then just give the correct explanation.I will be highly thankful if you please give your own deep explanation of this topic!

If two materials with a difference in their electron retaining powers(say glass rod and silk cloth) are rubbed together , then we do some +ve" work" on one of the material(say glass rod) , in opposition to which the friction does "-ve "work"i.e at the time when we were adding energy to the rod friction was busy in taking away the energy from the rod. But where did the energy go?it gets stored in the system of glass rod and silk cloth in the form of potential energy i.e the work done by us gets converted into P.E and is then used to drive those e's whose work function is less , to move from one body to another.For example -In this case of glass rod and silk cloth , the atoms of glass are bigger in comparison to silk cloth and as a result the e's are taken away easily from glass rod than silk cloth and at last the silk cloth is left with extra e's and the glass rod with dificiency of e's , so glass rod acquires +ve charge and silk cloth acquires -ve charge .

also tell that does friction does the same amount of negative work or not ?(in the above against us)

Without friction will it be possible to get bodies charged by only slight rubbing?(i.e is friction the component that makes it possible to use the work done (i.e energy given) by us in the purpose of extracting e's)

Please answer soon, sir. please !
 
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I'm not sure about everything I'm going to write
so if something is wrong .. someone please correct me

i think the work on both rod and cloth will be +ve as some person is doing work (providing energy) to both the rod and cloth

the positive work on rod and cloth is equal to positive work done by person ... i.e -ve work done on person

and this work gets converted both into potential and heat energy amd instantaneous kinetic energy
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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