Chemical bonding - spin of bonded electrons

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the spin of electrons in covalent bonds, specifically addressing Hund's rule and the behavior of electrons in bonding and anti-bonding molecular orbitals. It clarifies that in covalent bonds, two electrons in the same orbital must have opposite spins. The conversation highlights that in bonding molecular orbitals, electrons are closer to the more electronegative atom, while in anti-bonding orbitals, they are nearer to the less electronegative atom. Understanding these concepts requires a grasp of molecular orbital theory and group symmetry.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of covalent bonding and molecular orbital theory
  • Familiarity with Hund's rule and electron spin
  • Basic knowledge of electronegativity and its effects on molecular structure
  • Introduction to group symmetry in chemistry
NEXT STEPS
  • Study molecular orbital theory in detail, focusing on bonding and anti-bonding orbitals
  • Explore Hund's rule and its implications in electron configuration
  • Investigate the concept of electronegativity and its role in molecular interactions
  • Learn about group symmetry and its applications in advanced chemistry
USEFUL FOR

Chemistry students, educators, and anyone interested in deepening their understanding of molecular bonding and electron behavior in covalent compounds.

vaishakh
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Can anybody here please explain to me about the spin of an electron in the covalent bond? My textbook just says that it follows the Hund’s rule. Moreover I am confused with one more statement in the text – it says that in a covalent bond, in the bonding molecular orbital the electrons tend to be nearer to the more electronegative atom is acceptable as well as trivial, but not so is the next statement that on the other hand in anti-bonding orbital the electrons tends to be more nearer to the less electronegative atom.
I just want a detailed explanation on the following things. I had thought till now that I know exactly what anti-bonding is but the above statement has fully confused me. Please explain.
 
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2 electrons in the same level in a covalent bond spin opposite of each other...

At least i think that was what you were asking
 
Their perspective deals with the interaction of atomic orbitals to form molecular orbitals, if you want the fundamental details you're going to have to delve into some group symmetry topics. An example is carbon monoxide, the HOMO is associated with the carbon, and thus any organometallic bonds is through the carbon; oxygen contributes most of its atomic orbital character to the lower energy molecular orbitals, and has less to contribute to the higher energy orbitals, and thus the higher energy orbitals are largely associated with the carbon end of the molecule, as the HOMO. A standard inorganic chemistry text should give you some good exposure on the topic, a nice preview of the things to come, if you plan on taking advanced chemistry courses.
 

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