Chemistry-Physical Changes and Intermolecular Forces

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on the relationship between intermolecular forces (IMF) and physical changes, particularly boiling points in various substances. It establishes that higher IMFs, such as hydrogen bonding in H2O and NH3, require more energy to change states, thus resulting in higher boiling points. The participants analyze the boiling points of H2O, CO2, CH4, Kr, and NH3, concluding that H2O has the highest boiling point due to its strong hydrogen bonds. The discussion also touches on the electronegativity of oxygen compared to nitrogen, confirming that oxygen is more electronegative.

PREREQUISITES
  • Basic understanding of intermolecular forces (IMF)
  • Knowledge of boiling point concepts
  • Familiarity with hydrogen bonding
  • Understanding of electronegativity
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the impact of hydrogen bonding on boiling points in various compounds
  • Learn how to calculate boiling points using molecular structures
  • Research the differences between polar and nonpolar molecules
  • Explore the concept of electronegativity and its effects on molecular interactions
USEFUL FOR

High school chemistry students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding the principles of intermolecular forces and their effects on physical changes in substances.

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Hi everyone.

I have recently just started studying chemistry for my Junior year in High School. So you could say that I am a newbie at this. :smile:

I have small knowledge on the relationship between Intermolecular Forces and Physical changes. (Example: Boiling Point.)

So if the IMF of a molecule is high, would it take more energy(heat) to move it to a different state of matter? And if so how would the amount of energy be determined? How do you calculate the boiling point between 3 molecules?

Example:

46. Of the following substances,_____________ has the highest boiling point. (All numbers in the bottom are sub-scripts)

H20
CO2
CH4
Kr
NH3

A)H2O
B)CO2
C)CH4
D)Kr
E)NH3

Since H2O and NH3 have Hydrogen bonds I would assume that both those elements have the highest boiling points. Would more hydrogen atoms bonded on to the central atom mean that that molecule has the highest boiling point? If so then does that mean NH3 has the highest boiling point?
 
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Does NH3 have a more hydrogen bond connections with respect to the individual molecule in an intermolecular "network." Also, which one has a higher electronegativity, Oxygen or Nitrogen?
 
Oxygen is more electronegative.
 

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