Why does NCl3 has dipole-dipole intermolecular force?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the intermolecular forces present in nitrogen trichloride (NCl3), specifically addressing why it exhibits dipole-dipole interactions despite the electronegativity difference between nitrogen and chlorine suggesting a non-polar bond. Participants explore the molecular geometry and the implications of lone pairs on polarity.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions the assumption that NCl3 is non-polar based on electronegativity differences, noting that both nitrogen and chlorine have an electronegativity of 3.0.
  • Another participant suggests that NCl3 is trigonal pyramidal due to its geometry, which includes a lone pair of electrons on nitrogen, potentially contributing to its polarity.
  • There is a discussion about the difference between intermolecular and intramolecular forces, with a participant asserting that the presence of a lone pair leads to a dipole-dipole moment.
  • Some participants express confusion regarding the geometric structure of NCl3 and its implications for polarity.
  • One participant highlights a perceived impoliteness in the responses, indicating a potential for miscommunication in the discussion.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not reach a consensus on the nature of NCl3's polarity and the reasons for its dipole-dipole interactions. Multiple viewpoints regarding its geometry and the role of electronegativity differences remain contested.

Contextual Notes

There are unresolved questions regarding the assumptions made about molecular geometry and the definitions of polar versus non-polar bonds. The discussion reflects varying interpretations of the factors contributing to intermolecular forces in NCl3.

ducmod
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Hello!

I will be grateful for the explanation on why NCl3 has a dipole-dipole intermolecular force, if, based on electronegativity difference, or rather the absence of such, (both N and Cl have 3.0 electronegativity) this is a non-polar bond?

Thank you!
 
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What makes you think the molecule is planar?
 
Bystander said:
What makes you think the molecule is planar?
I am not sure I understand what you are asking, but if you refer to geometric structure, then
I think that N, having 5 valence electrons at its outer shell, is in the middle with valence electrons above it (not connected), and three
connections (sharing one electron with each Cl atom) with three Cl atoms.
Based on the electronegativity difference (its absence in fact), NCl3 should be pure covalent bond, but it is said to have
dipole-dipole moment, which only polar molecules can have.
Please, help me to understand why it is polar.
 
ducmod said:
(its absence in fact)
"Absence?"
 
Bystander said:
"Absence?"

I have no idea why you act in such in impolite way.
 
Folks, please, help me with this NCl3 matter. Thanks a lot!
 
ducmod said:
I am not sure I understand what you are asking, but if you refer to geometric structure, then
I think that N, having 5 valence electrons at its outer shell, is in the middle with valence electrons above it (not connected), and three
connections (sharing one electron with each Cl atom) with three Cl atoms.
Based on the electronegativity difference (its absence in fact), NCl3 should be pure covalent bond, but it is said to have
dipole-dipole moment, which only polar molecules can have.
Please, help me to understand why it is polar.

Do you know the difference between intermolecular force and intramolecular force ?
NCl3 is not planar though, I think it's trigonal pyramidal ( 4 steric number and one lone pair), and it's polar of course ( due to the one pair of free electrons)
So, what makes it have dipole-dipole moment is the pair of lone electrons
 

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