Cold Cranking Amps: How Are They Determined?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around how cold cranking amps (CCA) for car batteries are determined, exploring various factors that influence battery performance in cold conditions. Participants share insights related to battery construction, materials, and standards relevant to CCA measurement.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant speculates that CCA may relate to the amount or quality of lead used in batteries, indicating a limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms.
  • Another participant notes that a battery's ability to supply greater current is linked to having less equivalent series resistance, which requires large electrode surface areas and ion-dense electrolytes.
  • A participant mentions that thinner battery plates allow for more cranking amps but also make the plates more fragile and less tolerant to deep discharge.
  • It is suggested that the addition of calcium to battery plates enhances robustness while maintaining high cranking amps.
  • One participant proposes that the term "cold cranking amps" likely originates from a standardized testing procedure, possibly by the Society of Automotive Engineers.
  • A participant emphasizes the practical importance of CCA in cold climates, particularly in Canada, where sufficient CCA is critical for engine starting at low temperatures.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express various viewpoints on the factors influencing CCA, and while there are shared insights regarding battery construction, no consensus is reached on the exact determinants of CCA or the implications of different materials and designs.

Contextual Notes

The discussion does not resolve the specific mechanisms by which CCA is determined, nor does it clarify the assumptions behind the claims made about battery materials and performance.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be of interest to individuals involved in automotive sales, battery manufacturing, or those seeking to understand battery performance in cold weather conditions.

dcell79
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In my search for an answer I found a post regarding car batteries but it didnt offer me anything I was looking for. My question, or the a step toward the correct question is how exactly are cold cranking amps on any particular battery determined. At first I speculated it was the amount of or quality of lead used, however that opened more questions rather than answers. And, not to seek any sympathy but I sell batteries, not make them. My understanding of how they truly work and why is limited. Although it has been a fascinating journey finding information. If anyone can provide another step in the right direction or an answer I would be thrilled to hear it.
 
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A battery that can supply greater current is one with less equivalent series resistance. To produce a battery that has very low series resistance, you need a very large electrode surface area, very large terminals, very ion-dense electrolytes, etc.

- Warren
 
A couple of more factoids from long ago -

As battery plates became thinner, they could pack more in and get more cranking amps. This also made the plates more fragile and less tolerant to deep discharge.

Later, they started adding calcium to the plates. I think this was to make them more robust while keeping the cranking amps up.

I suspect the expression cold cranking amps came from a standardized test. The Society of Automotive Engineers has been good at standardizing anything that gets under the hood :)

- Mike
 
Cold cranking amps are taken quite literally up here in Canada--the CCA at -20C or -40C had better be enough to turn your engine over and start your car!
 

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