Computing path integral with real and Grassmann variables

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the computation of path integrals involving real and Grassmann variables, specifically the integral $$Z[w] = \frac{1}{(2\pi)^{n/2}}\int d^n x \: \det(\partial_j w_i(x)) \exp{\left(-\frac{1}{2}w_i(x)w_i(x)\right)}.$$ Participants explore various methods to manipulate the determinant, including using the expression $$\det(\partial_j w_i (x)) = \det\left(\partial_j w_i \left(\frac{d}{db}\right)\right) \exp\left(b_i x_i\right)\bigg\vert_{b=0}$$ and alternative formulations involving the Levi-Civita symbol. The complexity of performing the integral exactly is acknowledged, with suggestions for clarifying the functions involved and the desired outcome of the integral.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of path integrals in quantum mechanics
  • Familiarity with determinants and their properties
  • Knowledge of Grassmann variables and their applications
  • Basic proficiency in mathematical notation and integration techniques
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the properties of Grassmann variables and their role in quantum field theory
  • Study the application of the Levi-Civita symbol in determinant calculations
  • Learn about path integral formulation in quantum mechanics
  • Explore techniques for evaluating complex integrals in theoretical physics
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This discussion is beneficial for theoretical physicists, mathematicians, and advanced students interested in quantum mechanics, particularly those working with path integrals and Grassmann variables.

Geigercounter
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Homework Statement
I want to compute the following path integral
$$Z[w] = \frac{1}{(2\pi)^{n/2}}\int d^n x \: \prod_{i=1}^{n}d\overline{\theta}_id\theta \: \exp{\left(-\overline{\theta}_i \partial_j w_i(x)\theta_j -\frac{1}{2}w_i(x)w_i(x)\right)}.$$ Here $w_i(x)$ are functions of the $n$ real variables $x_i$ and $\theta_i$ and $\overline{\theta}_i$ are $n$ independent Grassmann variables.
Relevant Equations
See below.
The first step seems easy: computation of the $\theta$ and $\overline{\theta}$ integrals give
$$Z[w] = \frac{1}{(2\pi)^{n/2}}\int d^n x \: \det(\partial_j w_i(x)) \exp{\left(-\frac{1}{2}w_i(x)w_i(x)\right)}.$$

From here, I tried using that $$\det(\partial_j w_i (x)) = \det\left(\partial_j w_i \left(\frac{d}{db}\right)\right) \exp\left(b_i x_i\right)\bigg\vert_{b=0}.$$ But I don't seem to be able to apply this step.

Other ideas I had included writing out the determinant as $$det(\partial_j w_i(x)) = \frac{1}{n!}\varepsilon_{i_1...i_n}\varepsilon_{j_1...j_n} \partial_{j_1} w_{i_1}(x) ... \partial_{j_n} w_{i_n}(x)$$ to then use some kind of partial integration.
Another, similar, idea was to use the fact that $$\det = \exp(\text{Tr} \ln) $$
 
Last edited:
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Performing the ##x## integration exactly for ##Z[w]## could very well not be possible. You may very well not be able to obtain the exact value even if you were just considering this integral:

\begin{align*}
\frac{1}{(2 \pi)^{n/2}} \int d^nx \exp \left( - \frac{1}{2} w_i (x) w_i (x) \right)
\end{align*}

Could you clarify what it is you are aiming to achieve exactly? Do we know what the functions ##w_i (x)## are explicitly? Are you wanting to put the integral into some nice form rather than explicitly evaluating it? Could you show us the source of the question?
 
Last edited:

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