Computing the age of the universe at the big crunch

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on computing the age of the universe at the big crunch using the Friedmann equation and the dynamics of dust and curvature matter. The density of dust is defined as ρdust(t) = ρ0R(t)^(−3) and curvature as ρcurvature = −kR(t)^(-2), with k being a positive constant indicating a closed universe. The integral expression derived for the time taken for the universe to evolve from size R1 to R2 is t = 1/sqrt((8∏G)/3) ∫ dR/sqrt(ρ0/R - k). Evaluating this integral from 0 to Rmax will yield the age of the universe at the big crunch.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the Friedmann equation in cosmology
  • Knowledge of integral calculus for solving differential equations
  • Familiarity with concepts of density parameters in cosmology
  • Basic principles of general relativity related to the expansion of the universe
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation and implications of the Friedmann equation
  • Learn techniques for solving complex integrals in cosmology
  • Explore the concept of critical density and its role in universe dynamics
  • Investigate the implications of a closed universe on cosmic evolution
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Astronomy students, cosmologists, and physicists interested in the dynamics of the universe and the mathematical modeling of cosmic expansion and contraction.

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Homework Statement



Consider a universe where there are two types of matter: dust and curvature. The density of dust evolves with time as ρdust(t) = ρ0R(t)^(−3) and curvature evolves as ρcurvature = −kR(t)^(-2) where ρ0 and k are constants.

The Friedmann equation is:
H^2 = [(8∏G)/3][ρdust + ρcurvature] (where H^2 = (Rdot/R)^2 )

Consider the case where k is positive (this describes a closed sphere). Imagine that the universe starts out with zero size at time t = 0 – i.e. at the big bang – and begins expanding. Show that at some point the universe will reach a maximum size, before proceeding to collapse to zero size in a ”big crunch.” Compute the age of the universe at the big crunch.

Homework Equations



I know that ρdust + ρcurvature > ρcritical where ρcritical = 3H^2/(8∏G) other than that I am unsure if any other equations would be useful, and whether even this one is.

The Attempt at a Solution



OK I have come up with an integral expression for the amount of time t, it takes for the universe to evolve from a size R1 to a size R2.
this integral is:

t = 1/sqrt((8∏G)/3) ∫ dR/sqrt(ρ0/R -k) . Is this expression useful? It is a difficult integral to solve... I think if I evaluated this integral from 0 to Rmax I would be able to find the time t of the universe at the "big crunch"

Is there an easier way to go about this or am I on the correct path?
 
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Can you find the time (or redshift, or scale factor) when expansion stops and collapsing starts? That might be of some use.
 

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