Conservation of energy of an elevator

In summary, the cable of a 1800 kg elevator snaps while at rest at the first floor, where the bottom is 3.7 m above a cushioning spring with a spring constant of 0.15 MN/m. The elevator is clamped by a safety device that creates a frictional force of 4.4 kN, and using conservation of energy, the total distance the elevator will move before coming to rest is found by summing the distances it bounces back up after compressing the spring. However, this method did not yield the correct answer. Another attempt involved manipulating the equations for work and energy, but the solution was still unclear.
  • #1
knives out
2
0

Homework Statement



The cable of the 1800 kg elevator in Fig. 8-62 snaps when the elevator is at rest at the first floor, where the bottom is a distance d = 3.7 m above a cushioning spring whose spring constant is k = 0.15 MN/m. A safety device clamps the elevator against guide rails so that a constant frictional force of 4.4 kN opposes the motion of the elevator.

Using conservation of energy, find the approximate total distance that the elevator will move before coming to rest.

**I already found the speed of the elevator just before it hits the spring (7.377 m/s), the distance the spring is compressed (0.90 m), and the distance the elevator bounces back up the shaft (2.764 m) in case any of that is useful.

Homework Equations



Change in Mechanical energy + change in thermal energy = work
Change in Potential energy = - Work
W = F * d
Wspring = 1/2k(x^2)


The Attempt at a Solution


I tried finding the distances the elevator bounced back up after every time it compressed the spring, and added them up. This did not get the correct answer. I also tried to manipulate Emec + Eth = W to apply to this problem, but I am not sure of how to do this. Please help :smile:
 
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  • #2
Work done by friction = final mechanical energy - initial mechanical energy

ie:

work done by friction = (final kinetic energy + final gravitational potential energy + final spring elastic potential energy) - (initial kinetic energy + initial gravitational potential energy + initial spring elastic potential energy)
 
  • #3
i just got the answer, thank you very much for your help
 

1. How does an elevator conserve energy when moving up and down?

When an elevator is moving up, it uses an electric motor to pull the elevator car and counterweight, which is connected by a cable. When the elevator is moving down, the electric motor acts as a generator, converting the potential energy of the elevator car and counterweight back into electrical energy. This regenerative braking system allows the elevator to conserve energy by reusing the energy it has already generated.

2. Does the weight of the elevator affect its energy conservation?

Yes, the weight of the elevator can have a significant impact on its energy conservation. The more weight the elevator car and counterweight have, the more energy is required to move them, and the more energy can be regenerated when the elevator is moving down. This is why elevators often have a weight limit and why it's important for elevator manufacturers to design lightweight yet sturdy materials for their elevators.

3. How does the speed of the elevator impact its energy conservation?

The speed of the elevator can also affect its energy conservation. Generally, the slower an elevator moves, the less energy it consumes. This is because the electric motor doesn't have to work as hard to move the elevator car and counterweight at a slower speed. However, modern elevators are equipped with variable frequency drives, which can adjust the speed and torque of the electric motor to optimize energy consumption and minimize the time it takes to travel between floors.

4. Can elevators use renewable energy sources to conserve energy?

Yes, elevators can utilize renewable energy sources to help conserve energy. Some elevators are equipped with solar panels, which can generate electricity to power the elevator's motor. Others are connected to a building's energy management system, which can control the elevator's energy usage based on the building's overall energy consumption. Additionally, some buildings have implemented regenerative drive technology, where the energy generated by elevators moving down can be used to power other parts of the building.

5. Are there any safety concerns related to the conservation of energy in elevators?

While energy conservation is important, safety is always the top priority in elevator design and operation. Elevators are equipped with multiple safety features, such as emergency brakes and backup power systems, to ensure the safety of passengers in case of power failures or other emergencies. Additionally, energy-saving measures, such as using lighter materials for the elevator car and counterweight, must still meet strict safety standards to ensure the elevator's stability and durability.

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