Conservation of linear, angular momentum and energy in a collision

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SUMMARY

In the discussed collision scenario involving mass 1 (m1) and mass 2 (m2) on a frictionless table, linear momentum is conserved before the collision due to zero external forces. Angular momentum with respect to point O is also conserved, as the stick is massless and can rotate. During the collision, linear momentum is not conserved due to the tension force exerted by the stick on mass 2, while angular momentum remains conserved. Mechanical energy is conserved throughout the process, although the nature of the collision (elastic or inelastic) is not explicitly defined.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of linear momentum conservation principles
  • Knowledge of angular momentum conservation with respect to a pivot point
  • Familiarity with the concepts of elastic and inelastic collisions
  • Basic mechanics of forces, particularly tension in a system
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of elastic and inelastic collisions in detail
  • Learn about the conservation of angular momentum in rotating systems
  • Explore the effects of tension forces in collision scenarios
  • Investigate the implications of mechanical energy conservation in different types of collisions
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Physics students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding the dynamics of collisions and the conservation laws in mechanics.

paalfis
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Homework Statement


Mass 2 collides with mass 1 as shown in the image, mass 1 is attached to the stick and it is initially stationary. Consider that the stick is massless and can rotate around the point O. The entire system is on a frictionless table.
Which magnitudes are conserved in the system {m1,m2} before, during and after the collision?

Comments: no information is given (at this stage of the problem) about what kind of collision we are talking about.

The Attempt at a Solution



Before the collision:

  • External Forces sum up to zero-->Linear Momentum is conserved.
  • For the same reason, angular momentum with respect to O is conserved.
  • There are not any non conservative forces in the system-->Mechanical energy is conserved.
During the Collision:
  • The bar exerts a force on the ball (Tension) --> linear momentum is not conserved.
  • The tension is a central force --> Angular Momentum is conserved.
  • The Tension is perpendicular to the movement of m2, so energy is conserved.
After the collision: I think it is exactly the same as during the collision, is this ok?The next question is, in which direction does m2 move after the collision.
 

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paalfis said:
  • The Tension is perpendicular to the movement of m2, so energy is conserved.
It's only perpendicular to the subsequent movement. You cannot apply that at the instant of collision. It is not stated whether the collision between the masses is elastic, but if the rod is rigid and an impulse 'tries' to change its length then that is effectively an inelastic collision.
 

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