Constructing a Liquid Mirror using gallium,Indium, tin alloy

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SUMMARY

The forum discussion centers on constructing a liquid mirror using a gallium, indium, and tin alloy, specifically Galinstan. The artist is facing challenges with achieving a mirror finish due to surface scum and the alloy's tendency to cling to the sides of the polyester resin container. Recommendations include scraping off the scum regularly, treating the resin surface with gallium oxide to reduce adhesion, and possibly increasing the temperature to mitigate the scum issue. Maintaining a constant rotation rate is emphasized as crucial for optimal performance.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of liquid mirror technology
  • Familiarity with gallium, indium, and tin alloys, specifically Galinstan
  • Knowledge of surface treatment techniques for resin materials
  • Basic principles of rotational dynamics and fluid behavior
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  • Research techniques for treating resin surfaces with gallium oxide
  • Explore methods for maintaining constant rotation rates in liquid mirrors
  • Investigate the effects of temperature on Galinstan and its properties
  • Learn about contamination control in liquid mirror applications
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Artists, materials scientists, and engineers interested in liquid mirror technology and its applications in reflective imaging projects.

jaxart
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Hi,
I am an an artist hoping that you scientists can kindly help me with some advice.
I am making a simple liquid mirror as part of a project about reflected image. It will spin and stop and spin and stop etc.
I have made a polyester resin parabola as a receptical (so that I can use less alloy) and am spinning it on a record player (for testing). I am using a gallium, indium, tin alloy as, in uk, it is by far cheaper than gallium indium or simply gallium.
It kind of works but not perfectly. Firstly, almost a thin scum seems to gather on the surface whereas I am looking for a real mirror finish. Is that the tin element or would it work like that even with pure gallium? Secondly, when I stop the spin, most of the alloy rolls back into the centre of the resin container. I had (perhaps niavely) expected it all to roll back rather than have a layer cling to the sides. I would be very grateful for any advice you can offer?
 
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From what little I know of liquid mirrors, the real 'art' (sorry..) is maintaining the rotation rate perfectly constant: any high frequency jitter will result in surface waves, destroying the optical figure.

In terms of the surface scum- it's most likely contamination- AFAIK, the solution is to regularly scrape off that layer (this was true for Hg mirrors). Material that 'clings' to the resin is probably wetting the resin- I don't know enough of the relevant chemistry to suggest a surface treatment, tho.
 
Well I also know very little about liquid mirrors, but what I found about Galinstan it is really sticky and adhere to almost anything. To prevent it the surface has to be treated with gallium oxide (maybe there other treatments, but i do not know).
About that scum - From what i have seen it resmbles colling tin so maybe higher temperature might help. But i do not know if it is safe to heat Galinstan so check it first.
 

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