Derive surface brightness formula

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The discussion focuses on deriving the surface brightness formula, specifically S(mag/arcsec^2) = M⊙ + 21.572 - 2.5 log_{10} S(L⊙/pc^2). Participants emphasize the importance of understanding the variables involved, such as M⊙ representing the absolute magnitude of the Sun and S denoting surface brightness in solar luminosity per square parsec. The conversation highlights the logarithmic relationship in the formula, which is crucial for astrophysical calculations. Additionally, there is an exploration of the implications of surface brightness in astronomical observations. This formula serves as a fundamental tool in analyzing the brightness of celestial objects.
Zapped17
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Homework Statement
How to derive derive formula for surface brightness that converts mag/arcsec^2 to L⊙/pc^2?
Relevant Equations
S(mag/arcsec^2) = M⊙ + 21.572 -2.5 log_{10} S(L⊙/pc^2)
Derive formula for surface brightness
The formula in question we wanna derive is:
S(mag/arcsec^2) = M⊙ + 21.572 -2.5 log_{10} S(L⊙/pc^2).
Best regards.
 
At first, I derived that: $$\nabla \frac 1{\mu}=-\frac 1{{\mu}^3}\left((1-\beta^2)+\frac{\dot{\vec\beta}\cdot\vec R}c\right)\vec R$$ (dot means differentiation with respect to ##t'##). I assume this result is true because it gives valid result for magnetic field. To find electric field one should also derive partial derivative of ##\vec A## with respect to ##t##. I've used chain rule, substituted ##\vec A## and used derivative of product formula. $$\frac {\partial \vec A}{\partial t}=\frac...