Deriving Velocity and Normal Reaction in a Vertical Circular Motion

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on deriving the expressions for velocity (v) and normal reaction (R) of a particle moving in vertical circular motion within a hollow sphere. The particle, projected with an initial horizontal velocity (u), experiences changes in velocity and normal reaction as it moves through an angle (T) with respect to the vertical. The derived equations are v = [u² - 2ga(1 + cos T)]^(1/2) and R = mu²/a - mg(2 + 3cos T). The analysis also includes conditions under which the particle leaves the sphere, specifically when u² > 5ga, and explores the geometric relationship between points A and B on the sphere.

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  • Understanding of vertical circular motion dynamics
  • Familiarity with Newton's laws of motion
  • Knowledge of trigonometric identities and their applications in physics
  • Basic calculus for deriving motion equations
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  • Study the principles of centripetal force in circular motion
  • Learn about energy conservation in mechanical systems
  • Explore projectile motion equations in detail
  • Investigate the effects of varying angles on motion trajectories
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Physics students, educators, and anyone interested in the mechanics of circular motion and projectile dynamics will benefit from this discussion.

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2) a particle P of mass m moves in a vertical circle along the smooth inner surface of a fixed hollow sphere of internal radius a and centre O,the plane of the circle passing through O. The particle is projected from the lowest point of the sphere with a horizontal velocity u. when OP makes an angle T with the upward vertical,the velocity of the particle is v and the normal reaction between the particle and the sphere is R.Find expressions for v and R...done
v=[u^2-2ga(1+cos T)]^1/2 R=mu^2/a - mg(2+3cos T)
show if u^2,5ga the particle leaves the sphere where

cos T=(u^2-2ga)/3ga
if the particle leaves the sphere at a point A and its trajectory meets the sphere again at a point B such that AM is a diameter of the sphere show OA makes an angle of 45

from first part i have

cos T=(u^2-2ga)/3ga


v^2=[u^2-2ga(1+cos T)]

so when particle leaves sphere i get v^2=agcosT

now I am saying the angle of projection is equal to angle OP makes with upwards vertical,so from P to O we have

horizontal distance=asinT
vertical distance=acosT

for the projection

x=-tvcosT
y=tvsinT-gt^2/2

when x=-asinT => t=a(tanT)/v
so

-acosT=atanTsinT-g/2[(atanT)^2/(v^2)]
-acosT=atanTsinT-g/2[(atanT)^2/(agcosT)]
-2=2tan^2T-tan^2Tsec^2T
-2=tan^2T(2-sec^2T)
-2=tan^2T(2-1-tan^2T)
tan^4T-tan^2T-2=0
(tan^2T-2)(tan^2+1)=0

which is close as I am after tan T=1. is there an obvious error in my working?i hoping I am on right tracks but have dropped a sign somewhere?
 
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anyone able to spot my error here?
 

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