Discover the Relationship Between Mass and Charge in a Mass Spectrometer

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SUMMARY

In a mass spectrometer, the mass to charge ratio (m/q) is defined by the equation m/q = (B²r²)/(2ΔV). The derivation begins with the force equation F = qvBsinθ, which relates the force on an ion to its velocity and magnetic field. The ion's circular motion leads to the relationship m/q = Br/v, and substituting v = E/B results in the final expression. The discussion highlights a potential confusion regarding the factor of 2 in the potential difference term, suggesting a deeper examination of the speed selector's configuration.

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  • Understanding of basic physics concepts, particularly forces and motion.
  • Familiarity with mass spectrometry principles and terminology.
  • Knowledge of electromagnetic theory, specifically the Lorentz force.
  • Ability to manipulate algebraic equations and perform unit analysis.
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  • Study the principles of mass spectrometry and its applications in analytical chemistry.
  • Learn about the Lorentz force and its implications in charged particle motion.
  • Research the design and function of speed selectors in mass spectrometers.
  • Explore the derivation of equations related to electric fields and potential differences in physics.
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Students in introductory physics, particularly those studying mass spectrometry, as well as educators and professionals in analytical chemistry and physics who seek to deepen their understanding of the relationship between mass and charge in mass spectrometers.

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Edit: Sorry I just realized this should be in Introductory Physics. Can a moderator could please move it?

Homework Statement



Show that in a mass spectrometer, the mass to charge ratio, m/q is equal to:

m/q = (B2r2)/(2\DeltaV)

Homework Equations



F = qvBsin\theta

The Attempt at a Solution



I started with F = qvBsin\theta

An ion moves in a circular path in a spectrometer, so F = mv2/r

mv2/r = qvBsin\theta

Rearranging and simplifying gets:

m/q = Br/v, and since v = E/B I get m/q = B2r/E

E = V/r and my final result is:

m/q = (B2r2)/\DeltaV

So I'm wondering where I lost the 2 in the Potential Difference term. Any help is appreciated.
 
Last edited:
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More information should have been given!
v = E/B implies a speed selector, usually a separate section of the apparatus whose B is not the same as the one causing the circular motion.
E = V/r is only true if the speed selector has a pair of parallel plates with separation r = radius of curvature. Very strange! Maybe the plate separation is r/2 or something.
 

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