Discovery of the atom, electron etc. Where are the experiments that pr

Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the representation of historical experiments in physics textbooks, particularly those related to the discoveries of key figures like J.J. Thomson, Rutherford, Millikan, and Bohr. Participants express concerns about the lack of detailed experimental accounts and intuitive understanding in educational materials, questioning the effectiveness of current textbooks in conveying the experimental basis of physics.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Meta-discussion

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants find it disappointing that textbooks present discoveries as facts without detailing the experiments or derivations, leading to a lack of intuitive understanding.
  • Others argue that textbooks emphasize the experimental basis of physics but fail to provide comprehensive experimental details, suggesting that this omission is problematic.
  • A participant mentions that including full experimental reports in textbooks would be impractical due to volume, but suggests that such reports are available in physics journals and libraries.
  • Some participants note that key experiments are often conducted in undergraduate labs, but details may vary based on equipment and instructor preferences, which are not typically included in textbooks.
  • Experiences shared by participants indicate that some students struggle with experiments like Millikan's oil drop experiment, highlighting the challenges in replicating historical experiments in educational settings.
  • One participant suggests that there is a lack of textbooks that explain experiments in detail, with visuals and clear mathematical explanations, contrasting this with the availability of resources for conceptual understanding.
  • A later reply posits that engaging in laboratory work is more beneficial than reading about experiments, implying that the desired textbook may not exist due to this perspective.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the inadequacy of textbooks in presenting experimental details, but there is disagreement on the necessity and practicality of such inclusions. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the best approach to enhance understanding of historical experiments in physics education.

Contextual Notes

Participants express various limitations in current educational resources, including the absence of detailed experimental accounts, the impracticality of including full reports in textbooks, and the variability of laboratory experiences among students.

christian0710
Messages
407
Reaction score
8
Hi,
I find it sad that textbooks state JJ.Thomsons, Rutherfords, Milikan, Borhs etc. discoveries as facts without actually showing the whole experiment and showing in detail how they performed the experiment and how they derived their equations. Are there any textbooks that actually do this? I feel quite dumb when I only learn equations and how to calculate different units or physical quantities from equations without gaining any intuitive understanding of how this works experimentally.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Look at the first page of your books. They certainly say strongly, insistently and almost puritanically and leave no doubt about it that Physics is absolutely and utterly based on experiment, there is no doubt about it! Oh yes!

Which then absolves them from saying anything about any experiments afterwards. :biggrin:
 
christian0710 said:
I feel quite dumb when I only learn equations and how to calculate different units or physical quantities from equations without gaining any intuitive understanding of how this works experimentally.

This is the right kind of feeling you should have to develop a taste for science (especially physics). This will eventually lead you to gain intuitive knowledge by your efforts and later succeed. So just don't give up!
 
christian0710 said:
Hi,
I find it sad that textbooks state JJ.Thomsons, Rutherfords, Milikan, Borhs etc. discoveries as facts without actually showing the whole experiment and showing in detail how they performed the experiment and how they derived their equations. Are there any textbooks that actually do this? I feel quite dumb when I only learn equations and how to calculate different units or physical quantities from equations without gaining any intuitive understanding of how this works experimentally.

Obviously, if the full report of every physics experiment was printed verbatim in a typical physics text, you would need a dump truck to haul your books around. Even abbreviated versions of the experimental reports would be unduly burdensome.

However, most of the experimental reports were published in physics journals at the time, or collected with the papers of the individual scientists, or even entire books written by those scientists. If you want to research this information, I recommend a stop at your college or university library. Copies of physics journals may be kept in the library itself, or the librarian may be able to show you how to access them online, possibly.

The instructor of the course sometimes provides demonstrations or derivations of key concepts during the classroom period. If you are unclear on a particular point, it doesn't hurt to ask the instructor to help clear up certain points about a particular topic.

After all, a textbook is supposed to provide a look at a subject which has been studied for hundreds of years. Only a small part of this knowledge and how it was obtained can be included and still keep the text concise.
 
Some of these key experiments are often done (at least in simplified modern form) in undergraduate laboratory classes. For many years I taught a second-year "introduction to modern physics" class in which students did Thomson's charge-to-mass ratio experiment, a photoelectric effect experiment, Milikan's oil drop experiment, etc. Details of such labs aren't normally discusssed in textbooks because they depend on the particular apparatus being used, the instructor's preferences in analysis, etc.

A Google search for generic "modern physics laboratory" or specific experiments will probably give you lab handouts from various colleges and universities. My own handouts used to turn up in Google searches when I had them on my website for my students to download.
 
We did the milikan oil drop experiment in an advanced physics lab I took and nobody could ever get it to work.
 
Physics_UG said:
We did the milikan oil drop experiment in an advanced physics lab I took and nobody could ever get it to work.

That's a similar story that my professor told us. He said the students were given the equipment and told to do the experiment with really no real guidance from the professor, and apparently some of the students spent hours and hours on it during the week, during their spare time, during weekends, and some of them got it to work, but others never did.
 
So there are thousands of physics and chemistry books containing great visual and logic explanations of the results and concepts formed from experiments. Don't you guys/ladies see a big problem here? No effort is put into creating textbooks explaining experiments in great detail (with great visuals of the experimental setup and easy to follow mathematical explanations).
It's as if textbooks only teaches you to apply what is learned so you can use it for industrial use, but not so you can think for yourself: You can Teach yourself physics (the concepts) from textbooks because it's well explained and easy to understand for the layman, but you can't teach yourself how the historical experiments were performed and how the equations were derived because no textbooks on amazon contain such knowledge. YouTube videos kind of explain the subjects, but often it's not in very great detail.
 
The prevailing opinion is that it makes more sense to actually do the labs than to read about them. That's why the textbook you want doesn't exist.

Talking about music is like dancing about architecture.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
1K
  • · Replies 11 ·
Replies
11
Views
3K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
2K
  • · Replies 36 ·
2
Replies
36
Views
9K
  • · Replies 28 ·
Replies
28
Views
5K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K