Distance Amplifiers: Mechanical Devices for Increased Distance?

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SUMMARY

This discussion centers on the concept of mechanical devices that can amplify distance, akin to how block and tackle systems amplify weight. It highlights that while traditional systems like levers and gears provide mechanical advantages, they inherently trade off distance for force. Specifically, using a lever with the fulcrum positioned closer to the effort arm can increase the velocity ratio, allowing for greater distance movement at the cost of increased force. The principles of energy conservation are emphasized, demonstrating that devices such as hydraulic systems can achieve significant distance amplification despite their limited stroke length.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of classical mechanics and Newtonian physics
  • Familiarity with mechanical advantage and velocity ratio concepts
  • Knowledge of simple machines, including levers and block and tackle systems
  • Basic principles of hydraulics and their applications in construction
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  • Research the mechanics of levers and their applications in various scenarios
  • Explore the principles of hydraulic systems and their efficiency in amplifying force and distance
  • Study the design and function of block and tackle systems in mechanical engineering
  • Investigate advanced gear systems and their impact on mechanical advantage in bicycles and machinery
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Engineers, physics students, mechanical designers, and anyone interested in the principles of mechanics and the design of devices that manipulate force and distance.

jlee
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Question: Just as there are block & tackle that amplify weight handling, for example, a man pulls down on a rope with 10 lbs of force and lifts 100 lbs as a result: Are there mechanical devices that amplify distance? E.G. a man moves down a 100 lbs weight 4 feet and thereby moves upward a 10 lbs weight 8 feet or 10 feet or 12 feet, etc. The block & tackle system sacrifices distance for weight amplification. The distance amplifier sacrifices weight for increased distance?
Anything in classical mechanics or Newtonian physics that has been overlooked?
 
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The lever: Put the fulcrum nearer the end of the effort arm. You get a mechanical advantage < 1, but a velocity ratio > 1.

Gears: Ever ridden a multiple gear bicycle on a high gear ratio?
 
Or take your block and tackle and swap the ropes that the man and the load are attached to.
 
in all cases, energy is conserved...
F_1d_1=F_2d_2
 
In a sense, the same block and tackle (lever and fulcrum, screw, ramp, i.e. all simple machines) that "amplify" force also "amplify" distance. Unfortunately, because energy= force*distance is conserved to do one, you have to "undo" the other. If I hoist a weight using a block and tackle with n "lines", I only have to apply force equal to 1/n times the weight but I only lift it 1/n times the distance I pull. If I attach the weight to the end I was pulling on and go pull on the other end (what jtbell said), I reverse that: I lift the weight n times the distance I pull, but I have to apply n times the weight in force.

Similarly, as Gokul43201 said, using a lever "the wrong way around" will "amplify" distance moved at the cost of using addtional force.
 
This is also the basis of most hydraulics in heavy construction equipment, the 'Jaws of Life' and other such devices. The cylinder might have a stroke of only a foot or so, but moves the load 10 feet. Hydraulics have such enormous force that the trade-off is acceptible.
 

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