Electric potential in a closed loop wire

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The discussion focuses on calculating the electric potential at point O in a closed loop wire with uniform linear density. The initial approach involved dividing the loop into two parts, which complicated the symmetry of the problem. A more effective method is suggested, using the formula V = k dq/r, where dq is expressed as lambda dl, and recognizing that the radius r remains constant at the center of the loop. The calculation should involve integrating over the entire loop, considering both the semi-circular and straight sections. The correct answer is noted to be 2klambda (pi + ln 2), emphasizing the importance of maintaining symmetry in the problem-solving approach.
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Homework Statement



A closed loop of wire that has uniform linear density lambda is bent into the shape shown below, with dimension as indicated. Find the electric potential at point O, assuming it is zero at infinity. (see the attachment)

Homework Equations



V = k q /r

The Attempt at a Solution



Honestly, I am not sure how to attempt this question.
so far, what I did is.. I divided this loop into two part.

for part 1
dV = 2k lambda \int sin theta d(theta), which integral goes from 0 to 90 degree.
and after calculation, it gave me 2klamda with lambda is equal to q/pi*r.

but, I think there's something wrong here.., I don't know what to do..
please enlighten me..

the correct answer should be 2klambda ( pi + ln 2)
 

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Why would you divide the loop into two parts, greatly decreasing the symmetry of the problem thus making it more difficult. A loop is as good as it gets. You have dV=k dq/r, dq=lambda dl, with dl an infinitesimal piece of the loop. Since we're at the center of the loop r is the same everywhere so r is constant. Therefor V becomes V=lambda k/r \int dl. What is \int dl?
 
\int dl is \int pi r dr from r to 2r ?
 
I could have sworn that picture wasn't there before. Either way this changes things a bit. You will have to cut this configuration into four pieces. The two semi circles and the two straight sections. Let's look at the semi circle with radius R. First find out what is constant in the formula, dV=k dq/r. Is r constant? dq=lambda dl, how can you express the length of an arc of the loop in terms of the angle theta and the radius r?
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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