Energy conservation of ice problem

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the forces acting on a block of ice sliding down a curved path, specifically focusing on the net force exerted by the path at the bottom of the curve. The block has a mass of 44 kg, an initial speed of 1.3 m/s, and descends from a height of 4.1 m. The final speed at the bottom is calculated to be 9.06 m/s, resulting in a centripetal force of 1062 N upwards and a weight force of 431.2 N downwards. The correct net force exerted by the path is determined to be 630.8 N upwards, clarifying a common misconception regarding the nature of centripetal force.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of energy conservation principles (K + V = constant)
  • Knowledge of centripetal force calculations (Fc = ma)
  • Familiarity with gravitational force equations (W = mg)
  • Basic concepts of circular motion dynamics
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of energy conservation in mechanical systems
  • Learn about centripetal acceleration and its implications in circular motion
  • Explore the relationship between forces in dynamics, particularly in curved paths
  • Review common mistakes in force calculations in physics problems
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Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics and dynamics, as well as educators looking to clarify concepts related to energy conservation and circular motion.

paulxu11
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Homework Statement


https://moodle.telt.unsw.edu.au/pluginfile.php/2296810/question/questiontext/2691158/6/1668509/cart%20track.png
A block of ice (that we shall treat as a particle) slides with negligible friction or air resistance on the curved tpath sketched (black line). The mass of the block is m = 44 kg. Its initial speed is v0 = 1.3 m.s–1. The height h= 4.1 m. At the bottom, the path has a radius of curvature (fine circle) R = 3.4 m. At the bottom of the path, what is the force exerted on the ice by the path?

Homework Equations


K + V = constant

The Attempt at a Solution


Energy before it slides = after it slides:
mgh + 1/2 * m*v0^2 = 1/2 * m*v_final^2 (at the bottom h = 0 -> mgh=0)
44*9.8*4.1 + 1/2*44*1.3^2 = 1/2*44*v_final^2 -> v_final=9.06m/s

Circular motion:
Fc=ma=m*v_f^2/R=44*9.06^2/3.4=1062N upwards
W=mg=44*9.8=431.2N downwards
F_path=1062-431.2=630.8N upwards

Could someone suggest where I did wrong?
Thanks!:smile:
 
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paulxu11 said:
Circular motion:
Fc=ma=m*v_f^2/R=44*9.06^2/3.4=1062N upwards
W=mg=44*9.8=431.2N downwards
F_path=1062-431.2=630.8N upwards

Could someone suggest where I did wrong?
If W and F_path are in opposite directions, the magnitude of the net force is 680.8 N - 431.2 N, no?
 
paulxu11 said:
06^2/3.4=1062N upwards
W=mg=44*9.8=431.2N downwards
F_path=1062-431.2=630.8N upwards
This is a very common error.
Centripetal force is not an applied force. It is that component of the resultant which is perpendicular to the velocity.
So in ΣF=ma, the centripetal force is the ma on the right, and the perpendicular component of each applied force appears in the sum on the left.
 
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