Energy of a Dipole in a Constant E Field

In summary, the conversation discusses the potential energy of an electric dipole in a constant electric field, with a dipole oscillating between plus and minus 65 degrees. It is asked what the dipole's mechanical energy is and what its kinetic energy is when aligned with the electric field. The equation U = -pEcos\theta is used to find the potential energy at different positions, with the values of pE and θ being substituted in the equation to find the corresponding potential energy. At 180 degrees, the potential energy is 2 μJ and at 0 degrees, all the potential energy is converted to kinetic energy.
  • #1
saxyliz
6
0

Homework Statement


The graph shows the potential energy of an electric dipole which is in a constant electric field; only the electric force is acting on the dipole. Consider a dipole that oscillates between plus and minus 65 degrees.

knight_Figure_29_10.jpg


a) What is the dipole's mechanical energy?
b) What is the dipole's kinetic energy when it is aligned with the electric field?

Homework Equations


U = -pEcos[tex]\theta[/tex]


The Attempt at a Solution


I know that when the graph is at the trough it's -pE and at it's peak it's +pE. But I don't know how to factor in the 65 degrees. Please help!
 
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  • #2
At 180 degrees U = 2 μJ. Substitute in the relevant equation and find pE.
At θ = 0, all the potential energy in converted to K.E. Similarly you can find P.E. at 65 degrees by substituting the value of pE and θ in the equation.
 
  • #3
rl.bhat said:
At 180 degrees U = 2 μJ. Substitute in the relevant equation and find pE.
At θ = 0, all the potential energy in converted to K.E. Similarly you can find P.E. at 65 degrees by substituting the value of pE and θ in the equation.

Thank you so much! That really cleared it up for me!
 

1. What is a dipole in a constant E field?

A dipole in a constant E field refers to a pair of equal and opposite charges separated by a certain distance, placed in an external uniform electric field. This results in a separation of charge, creating a positive and negative end, or a dipole moment.

2. What is the energy of a dipole in a constant E field?

The energy of a dipole in a constant E field is the potential energy associated with the arrangement of the dipole in the electric field. It is given by the formula U = -pEcosθ, where p is the magnitude of the dipole moment, E is the electric field strength, and θ is the angle between the dipole moment and the electric field vector.

3. How does the energy of a dipole in a constant E field change with the orientation of the dipole?

The energy of a dipole in a constant E field is dependent on the angle between the dipole moment and the electric field vector. When the dipole moment is aligned with the electric field, the energy is at its minimum. As the angle increases, the energy also increases, reaching its maximum when the dipole moment is perpendicular to the electric field.

4. How does the energy of a dipole in a constant E field change with the strength of the electric field?

The energy of a dipole in a constant E field is directly proportional to the strength of the electric field. This means that as the electric field strength increases, the energy of the dipole also increases. This relationship is represented by the formula U = -pEcosθ, where E is the electric field strength.

5. What is the significance of the energy of a dipole in a constant E field?

The energy of a dipole in a constant E field is important in understanding the behavior of dipoles in electric fields. It helps explain the stability of dipole molecules and the forces acting on them. It is also a key concept in the study of electrostatics and electromagnetism.

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