Equation of an Elliptical Orbit for a Moon around a Planet

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on determining the equation of the elliptical orbit of Oberon around Uranus using Right Ascension (RA) and Declination (Dec) data. The user has collected four nights of positional data but struggles with calculating the semi-major axis and eccentricity of the orbit. After realizing the need to express the change in RA and Dec, the user finds that their calculated eccentricity is approximately 0.9, while it should be around 0.008. The angular separation between Uranus and Oberon, ranging from 20 to 40 arc seconds, is highlighted as a significant factor in the eccentricity calculation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of elliptical orbits in celestial mechanics
  • Familiarity with Right Ascension (RA) and Declination (Dec) coordinates
  • Basic knowledge of eccentricity and semi-major axis in orbital dynamics
  • Experience with astronomical data analysis techniques
NEXT STEPS
  • Research methods for calculating the semi-major axis of an elliptical orbit
  • Learn how to accurately determine eccentricity from positional data
  • Study the effects of angular separation on orbital calculations
  • Explore techniques for fitting elliptical orbits to observational data
USEFUL FOR

Astronomy enthusiasts, astrophysicists, and data analysts working on celestial mechanics and orbital dynamics, particularly those focused on the moons of planets.

farore
Messages
2
Reaction score
0
I am kind of new to astronomy and I have a few questions..

I need to be able to determine an equation expressing the elliptical orbit of Oberon around Uranus. I have four nights of data showing Oberon in different positions relative to Uranus. I am able to calculate the RA and Dec for both Uranus and Oberon from these frames (standard stars are on frame).

I just need to be able to determine the semi-major axis of the orbit so that I can determine the eccentricity. What I am most stuck on is how to apply my RA and Dec coordinates to an equation of an ellipse.

I saw a similar discussion in this thread (astrometry of elliptical orbits) but it was for asteroids and at first glance the analysis involved seemed more complicated than what I was going for.

Thanks for any help.
 
Astronomy news on Phys.org
Nevermind about the first bit, I figured out that I needed to express the change in RA versus the change in Dec of Oberon with respect to Uranus to get an ellipse.

However, with my data points the eccentricity of the ellipse I fit to the data is on the order of .9 when it should be around .008 or so.

The angular separation between Uranus and its moon goes from about 20 arc seconds to 40 arc seconds, which apparently is significant when determining the eccentricity of the ellipse. Am I missing something? The inclination of Oberon with respect to Uranus' equator is about .012 degrees so I didn't think I would have to rotate it into the plane since that seems like a fairly negligible quantity (and I don't think it would make a .008 eccentricity turn into a .9 eccentricity).

Any help on determining where I went wrong would be much appreciated :).
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
490
  • · Replies 22 ·
Replies
22
Views
2K
  • · Replies 16 ·
Replies
16
Views
5K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
3K
  • · Replies 18 ·
Replies
18
Views
4K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 58 ·
2
Replies
58
Views
6K
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
3K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K