Experimentally finding focal length of small biconvex lens?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around methods for experimentally determining the focal length of small biconvex lenses, specifically those fabricated by the original poster. Various techniques and considerations for accurate measurement are explored, including practical setups and material properties.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • The original poster suggests using three parallel lasers to find the convergence point, but questions whether two beams would suffice due to size constraints.
  • One participant proposes using sunlight to focus on a piece of white paper, stating that the distance from the lens to the paper when in focus equals the focal length.
  • Another participant asks about the radius of curvature and material of the lens, noting their experience with similar lenses.
  • A later reply questions the feasibility of using an indoor light source instead of sunlight, citing concerns about the lens's liquid component freezing outdoors.
  • One participant mentions that if the lens is bi-convex, it should have a positive power, and suggests consulting an optician for precise measurements.
  • Another participant states that as long as the source distance is greater than ten times the focal length, direct measurement should be reliable.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants present multiple methods for measuring focal length, with no consensus on the best approach. Some methods are debated, and there are varying opinions on the practicality of using different light sources.

Contextual Notes

Participants discuss the implications of using different light sources and the potential errors introduced by finite distances. There is also mention of the material properties of the lens affecting the measurement process.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be useful for individuals interested in experimental optics, lens fabrication, or those seeking practical methods for measuring focal lengths in small lenses.

Rachelrific
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I have fabricated a few biconvex lens (12mm diameter) for an experiment and am trying to find their focal lengths. My though is to set up three parallel lasers and find where the beams converge. However, even with the smallest laser diodes I could find, three beams surpass the diameter of the lens. Would two beams be sufficient? Or does anyone have an alternative method of experimentally finding the focal length of small biconvex lens?
 
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Rachelrific said:
experimentally finding the focal length of small biconvex lens
1) Take the lens and a piece of white paper out in direct sunlight.
2) Focus the Sun on the paper by varying the lens-to-paper distance.
3) When in focus, the distance from the lens to the paper is the focal length.
 
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Well done fabricating your lens - that is no mean feat. (I do this for a living - contact lenses are concave/convex lenses about 14 mm in diameter).

What radius did you intend to make back and front? And what is it made of, glass or acrylic/perspex?
 
Tom.G said:
1) Take the lens and a piece of white paper out in direct sunlight.
2) Focus the Sun on the paper by varying the lens-to-paper distance.
3) When in focus, the distance from the lens to the paper is the focal length.
Would this work with a far away light source indoors, like a bright lamp across the room? There's a liquid component to my lens and I don't want it to freeze outside.
 
Bandit127 said:
Well done fabricating your lens - that is no mean feat. (I do this for a living - contact lenses are concave/convex lenses about 14 mm in diameter).

What radius did you intend to make back and front? And what is it made of, glass or acrylic/perspex?
Should be around -3 diopters. I made them out of acrylic (CNC'ed then heavily polished).
 
Rachelrific said:
Would this work with a far away light source indoors, like a bright lamp across the room? There's a liquid component to my lens and I don't want it to freeze outside.
Yeah, that should work. You can calculate the error introduced by the finite distance to the light source to see if it's acceptable to you.
 
Rachelrific said:
Should be around -3 diopters. I made them out of acrylic (CNC'ed then heavily polished).
If you are working in dioptres then your friendly optician/optometrist will be have exactly the right instrument to measure the power of your lens. They will also be able to assess the quality of the focus.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lensmeter

(If your lens is bi-convex it will have a plus power BTW).

Well done polishing it too - it is a tricky process and there is definitely an art to it.
 
As long as your source distance is greater then 10x the focal length, a direct measurement will be as good as your ability to measure.
 

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