Explain why the average velocity of the gas molecules in a container is zero

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The average velocity of gas molecules in a container is zero because the molecules move in all directions, resulting in equal positive and negative velocities that cancel each other out. This cancellation occurs as the molecules collide with the walls of the container, bouncing off at various speeds. While speed is a scalar quantity, velocity is a vector that includes direction, leading to an average of zero when considering all directions. The discussion also touches on the concept of mean square velocity, which involves squaring the velocities, but this does not affect the average velocity being zero. Understanding these principles is essential for grasping the kinetic theory of gases.
joe1joe1joe2
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Hey there guys i am new here and not sure if this is in the right section, well here goes.


Just doing some revision and realized I must have been asleep for the Kinetic theory lessons, i have now grasped some of the basics, but have come to this question and not usre how to answer it...

Explain why the average velocity of the gas molecules in a container is zero.

Now i have had a look around on wikipedia and things like that but it goes into a lot of detail, and we don't need to go into that much detail, also I don't just want the answer handed to me i would appreciate it if you could explain it for me in fairly simple terms...


Many Thanks


Joe
 
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Hint: What's the difference between velocity and speed?
 
velocity is a vector quantity and therefore has a direction as well as the speed...

so because this is the mean square velocity, does that mean as the molecules are boucing off the walls all the time then their velocities are cancelling each other out because as it hits at 500m/s it then rebounds at -500m/s or something along those lines?

ooo wait squaring it, that will change it from being negative to positive...
 
joe1joe1joe2 said:
so because this is the mean square velocity...
Who said anything about squaring?
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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