Expressing expectation values of a particle moving in a periodic potential

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SUMMARY

A particle moving in a periodic potential is described by the Hamiltonian ## \hat H = \hat p_x^2/2m + V_0(1 - \cos(\hat x))##. To express ## \frac{d <\hat x>}{dt}## in terms of ##<\hat p_x>##, one should utilize Ehrenfest's theorem, which provides a direct relationship between the expectation values of position and momentum. For ## \frac{d <\hat p_x>}{dt}##, it can be expressed in terms of ##<\sin(\hat x)>##. Additionally, a time-dependent Schrödinger equation can be formulated for this system in real space.

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  • Understanding of Hamiltonian mechanics
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  • Knowledge of Ehrenfest's theorem
  • Ability to formulate the time-dependent Schrödinger equation
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Homework Statement


A particle moving in a periodic potential has one-dimensional dynamics according to a Hamiltonian ## \hat H = \hat p_x^2/2m+V_0(1-cos(\hat x))##

a) Express ## \frac{d <\hat x>}{dt}## in terms of ##<\hat p_x>##.
b) Express ## \frac{d <\hat p_x>}{dt}## in terms of ##<sin(\hat x)>##.
c) Write a time-dependent Schrödinger equation for this problem in real space.

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution



Let's start with a. I am highly confused here, but there seems to be various routes I can go.

Usually I would calculate the expectation value <x> from a wave function. Can I still do this here with the Hamiltonian? Just straight up integrate H*xH over all space and then take that derivative and find a way to express it in terms of <px> (thus I'd have to take the expectation value for the momentum of the Hamiltonian?

I've been trying some things but running into a wall with this method.
Any tips on how to start off this problem would be great, I can then work on it and get back to this thread.
 
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No you definitely do not want to try to integrate the operators.

Ehrenfest's theorem gives you a very useful set of relations that you can use to solve this problem.
 
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