Find La Placian of a function in cartesian and Spherical Coordinates

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on proving that the Laplacian of the function V(x,y,z) = (zx²)/(x²+y²+z²) in Cartesian coordinates is equivalent to its representation in Spherical coordinates. The user encountered difficulties calculating the derivatives in Cartesian coordinates, resulting in a complex expression with six terms in the numerator over (x²+y²+z²)³. Additionally, the user noted complications when transitioning to Spherical coordinates, specifically with the expression r(cosθ)²(sinφ)²(cosφ) before taking partial derivatives. The conversation highlights the importance of understanding the conventions used in spherical coordinates, as physicists and mathematicians differ in their definitions of angles.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Laplacian operator in vector calculus
  • Familiarity with Cartesian and Spherical coordinate systems
  • Proficiency in partial derivatives and the product rule
  • Knowledge of mathematical conventions in physics versus mathematics
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the Laplacian in both Cartesian and Spherical coordinates
  • Learn about the differences in angular conventions between physics and mathematics
  • Practice solving complex partial derivatives using the product rule
  • Explore resources on vector calculus, particularly focusing on Laplacian applications
USEFUL FOR

Students in physics or mathematics courses, particularly those tackling vector calculus and Laplacian problems, as well as educators seeking to clarify the differences in coordinate conventions.

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Homework Statement


Prove the La Placian of V(x,y,z)=(zx[itex]^{2}[/itex])/(x[itex]^{2}[/itex]+y[itex]^{2}[/itex]+z[itex]^{2}[/itex]) in Cartesian coordinates is equal to that in Spherical coordinates

Homework Equations



[itex]\nabla[/itex][itex]^{2}[/itex]V=0

The Attempt at a Solution



I have attempted to calculate all the terms out, and there were A LOT. I was hoping the derivatives in Cartesian, which I did first, would cancel, but they didn't. I may have made a mistake, I used the product rule and came up with 6 terms in the numerator over (x[itex]^{2}[/itex]+y[itex]^{2}[/itex]+z[itex]^{2}[/itex])[itex]^{3}[/itex]. Any suggestions? Spherical was even more complicated... I had the following:
r(cosθ)[itex]^{2}[/itex](sin[itex]\phi[/itex])[itex]^{2}[/itex](cos[itex]\phi[/itex]) before I began taking partial derivatives. Any help would really be appreciated, thanks...
 
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Which convention for spherical coordinates are you using? Physicists typically use ##\theta## as the angle from the z-axis whereas mathematicians use ##\phi##. Your expression for ##V(r,\theta,\phi)## appears to be using the math convention. I just ask because you posted this in the physics section.

No suggestions, by the way. I think you just have to grind it out.
 


This problem is from a physics class, and the class doesn't have a book assigned...so I've been looking through my calc iv book to try and get some information. Thanks for pointing out there are different systems, I wasn't aware of that and my professor didn't mention it...
 

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