Find the velocity using special relativity

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the velocity of a spaceship traveling to the nearest star, 4.25 light years away, using special relativity principles. The key equation utilized is the relativistic velocity addition formula: Ux = (U'x + v)/(1 + v*U'x/c^2). The user successfully applies Lorentz transformations and the concept of time dilation to derive the spaceship's speed as a fraction of the speed of light, ultimately solving for v. The discussion emphasizes the importance of selecting a reference frame, specifically Earth, to simplify calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of special relativity concepts, including time dilation and length contraction.
  • Familiarity with Lorentz transformations and their applications.
  • Basic knowledge of the speed of light (c) as a constant in physics.
  • Ability to manipulate algebraic equations to solve for unknown variables.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation and applications of Lorentz transformations in detail.
  • Learn about time dilation effects in various inertial frames of reference.
  • Explore the implications of relativistic speeds on mass and energy (E=mc²).
  • Investigate practical examples of special relativity in astrophysics and space travel.
USEFUL FOR

Students of physics, particularly those studying special relativity, as well as educators and anyone interested in the implications of relativistic motion in space travel.

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[SOLVED] Find the velocity using special relativity

According to observations on the Earth, the nearest star to the solar system is 4.25 light years away.
A spaceship which leaves the Earth and travels at uniform velocity takes 4.25 years, according to the ship-borne clocks, to reach the star.
What is the speed of the space ship, expressed as a fraction of the speed of light c?




Ux = (U'x + v)/(1 + v*U'x/c^2)
We know that: x = 4.25 light years
t' = 4.25 years
c = constant.




I have been stuck on this question for nearly a week, and i was hoping someone could give me a push in the right direction. Now i know about time dilation and length contraction and that they will be seen differently between the two frames. Thats why i don't suggest that the v of the ship is equal to c.
I have also tried to rearrange the equation using Lorentz transformations, however in most cases i need gamma which means i need v.
Any suggestions would be a great help, Thanks.
 
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Pick one frame to work from. The simplest is earth. The time in this frame that the ship takes is 4.5*v/c years, yes? Now put the the gamma factor (leaving v as unknown) to get the elapsed ship time. Set it equal to 4.5 years and solve for v.
 
Thank you for the help, i now see how it works and i am able to solve v.
 

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