Force required to compress or extend a helical spring.

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the force required to compress or extend a helical spring, specifically whether the force needed for compression is the same as that for extension. The scope includes theoretical considerations, practical implications, and material properties.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants assert that theoretically, the force required for compression and extension of a helical spring is the same, particularly when the spring operates below its yield strength.
  • Others question the assumption that the values will be the same, suggesting that practical considerations may lead to differences.
  • One participant notes that as the spring approaches its fully-compressed length, non-linear stiffness may occur due to self-contact, complicating the relationship between compression and extension forces.
  • Another participant mentions that the specific design of the spring, including its coiling, can affect the behavior under compression, with tightly coiled springs being more prone to buckling.
  • It is highlighted that different springs may have varying rates, which could influence the force required for displacement.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on whether the forces required for compression and extension are the same, indicating that multiple competing perspectives remain without a clear consensus.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include potential non-linear behavior of springs near yield strength, dependence on specific spring designs, and the influence of coiling on mechanical properties. These factors introduce uncertainty into the discussion.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be of interest to those studying mechanical engineering, materials science, or anyone involved in the design and analysis of spring mechanisms.

mvpunekar
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Is force required to compress or extend a helical spring is same or different.

For example a spring has spring rate of 450 N/mm, so if in compression if 450 N is required to produce 1 mm displacement from free position whether in tension same 450 N force will be required to produce 1 mm displacement from free position or this force value would be different ?
 
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In theory, it is the same. In practice, it is extremely close to the same so long as you stay well below the yield strength of the material.
 
Pkruse said:
In theory, it is the same. In practice, it is extremely close to the same so long as you stay well below the yield strength of the material.

Are you sure that these values will be same?
 
mvpunekar said:
Are you sure that these values will be same?
Yes, they will be the same.
 
In addition to approaching the yield strength, there will be a stiffness non-linearity in compression as the spring approaches its fully-compressed length, when self-contact occurs.
 
mvpunekar said:
Is force required to compress or extend a helical spring is same or different.

For example a spring has spring rate of 450 N/mm, so if in compression if 450 N is required to produce 1 mm displacement from free position whether in tension same 450 N force will be required to produce 1 mm displacement from free position or this force value would be different ?

it depends by the spring. There are springs with different rates.
 
Also depends on how the spring is coiled.

If it is tightly coiled then compression is more likely to cause buckling than axial compression. In which case a simple Hooke's law assumtion will be invalid.
 
Last edited:

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