Fundamental matrix linear system equivalent to linear matrix system

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the equivalence of a fundamental matrix linear system to a linear matrix system, specifically examining the equation ##x'(t) = A(x(t))## where ##A## is a 2x2 matrix. The user derives the fundamental matrix solution ##Φ(t)## and poses questions regarding the correctness of their proof and the distinction between ##Φ(t)## and ##x(t)##. The differentiation of the equation ##x(t) = Φ(t)x_0## for a constant ##x_0## is also queried, indicating a focus on understanding the dynamics of the system.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of linear algebra concepts, particularly matrix theory.
  • Familiarity with differential equations and their solutions.
  • Knowledge of fundamental matrices in the context of linear systems.
  • Basic calculus, specifically differentiation of functions.
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  • Study the properties of fundamental matrices in linear differential equations.
  • Learn about the implications of linear independence in solution sets of differential equations.
  • Explore the differentiation of matrix functions and their applications.
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This discussion is beneficial for students and professionals in mathematics, engineering, and physics who are working with linear systems, particularly those focused on differential equations and matrix analysis.

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Homework Statement
In my lecture notes I have ##Φ'(t) = AΦ(t) ⟷ x'(t) = Ax##. I am trying to understand why.
Relevant Equations
##Φ'(t) = AΦ(t) ⟷ x'(t) = Ax##
My working is ,
Consider case where the there are two linearly independent solutions
##x'(t) = c_1x' + c_2y' = A(c_1x + c_2y)##
##(x'~y')(c_1~c_2)^T = A(x~y)(c_1~c_2)^T##

Then cancelling coefficient matrix I get,
##(x'~y')= A(x~y)##
##Φ'(t) = AΦ(t) ## by definition of 2 x 2 fundamental matrix

Does someone please know whether this proof is correct?
Thanks!
 
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What is the difference between ##\phi(t)## and ##x(t)##? How are both defined?
 
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What do you get if you differentiate x(t) = \Phi(t)x_0 for constant x_0?
 
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