Gravitational force near and away from earth's surface

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the gravitational force experienced at the Earth's surface compared to that in orbit. The user calculated the gravitational force using Newton's law of universal gravitation but made errors in unit conversion and radius measurement. The correct formula for gravitational force is F = G * m1 * m2 / r^2, where G is the gravitational constant (6.67e-11), m1 is the mass of the Earth (5.97e24 kg), and r is the radius of the Earth (6378.1 km, which must be converted to meters). The correct gravitational acceleration at the surface is approximately 9.81 m/s², confirming the need for accurate unit usage in calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's law of universal gravitation
  • Knowledge of unit conversions, specifically between kilometers and meters
  • Basic physics concepts related to gravitational force and weight
  • Familiarity with gravitational constant (G) and its significance
NEXT STEPS
  • Review the calculations for gravitational force using correct units
  • Study the concept of weightlessness in orbital mechanics
  • Learn about the implications of gravitational force in different environments
  • Explore advanced topics in gravitational physics, such as general relativity
USEFUL FOR

Students of physics, educators teaching gravitational concepts, and anyone interested in the mechanics of gravity and its effects on objects at varying distances from the Earth.

kindlin
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So, I asked myself the question, "why does the Earth's force of gravity effect us so dramatically on the surface of the earth, but seems nonexistent while just a couple hundred miles up?"

I answered that question myself, after thinking more about it, because the idea of an orbit is that you constantly fall towards the earth. So just like the simulated weightless environment a plane can create, so is a space station a simulated weightless environment.

However, in trying to answer this question I tried to calculate the Newtonian gravitational force one one would feel at the surface, and here's what I got: (m1=earth, m2=unity)

F = G * m1 * m2 / r^2 = 6.67e-11 * 5.97e24 * 1 / (6378.1 / 2)^2 = 39191036.5 N/kg

So if I weighed 80kg, I would experience 39191037*80 = 3135282921 N

So, what did I do wrong? My feet obviously aren't holding up 314e6 N.

Also, knowing that we feel 9.81*m Newtons sitting on the surface, it would follow that G*m1/r^2 = 9.8:
G = 9.8*r^2/m1 = 9.8* (6378.1 / 2)^2 / 5.97e24 = 1.6705e-17

Thoughts?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
1. You're using Kilometers for R. Use meters instead.
2. Don't divide your value by 2. 6,378 is the radius of the Earth in Km, not the diameter.
 
The radius of the Earth needs to be expressed in meters not kilometers also do not divide the radius by 2?
 
Oh man, I'm bad. Thanks guys, lol...
 

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