Heat Transfer Final Temperature Problem

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SUMMARY

The Heat Transfer Final Temperature Problem involves two insulated compartments containing helium gas at different initial temperatures: 600 K for 0.060 mol on the left and 300 K for 0.030 mol on the right. The final temperature of the system can be determined by calculating the average temperature per mole of helium. Heat transfer from the left to the right compartment is directly proportional to the temperature change, and the initial volume of the right compartment can be calculated using the known cylinder diameter, which is essential for determining the height the piston is lifted due to heat transfer.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of the ideal gas law and its application to helium gas.
  • Knowledge of heat transfer principles and the concept of thermal equilibrium.
  • Familiarity with the relationship between temperature, kinetic energy, and heat transfer.
  • Basic mechanics related to pistons and pressure in a cylinder.
NEXT STEPS
  • Calculate the final temperature of a two-compartment gas system using the average temperature method.
  • Explore the relationship between heat transfer and temperature change in ideal gases.
  • Learn how to calculate the volume of a gas using the ideal gas law and known parameters.
  • Investigate the mechanics of pistons and how heat transfer affects their movement in a cylinder.
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in thermodynamics, mechanical engineers, and anyone studying heat transfer principles in gas systems.

breez
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There are two insulated compartments separated by a thin wall. The left side contains .060 mol of He at a initial temperature of 600 k and the right side contains .030 mol He at the initial temperature of 300 K. The compartment on the right is attached to a vertical cylinder, above which the air pressure is 1.0 atm. A 10-cm-diameter, 2.0 kg piston can slide without friction up and down the cylinder. The volumes of the compartments are not known, but the cylinder diameter is known.

a. What is the final temperature?
b. How much heat is transferred from the left side to the right side?
c. How high is the piston lifted due to the heat transfer?
d. What fraction of the heat is converted to work?

I believe Part b follows directly from the relation between absolute temperature and KE (just find the difference in temperatures between initial and equilibrium states). However, I cannot figure out part a. Any tips/leads would be helpful.
 
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breez said:
There are two insulated compartments separated by a thin wall. The left side contains .060 mol of He at a initial temperature of 600 k and the right side contains .030 mol He at the initial temperature of 300 K. The compartment on the right is attached to a vertical cylinder, above which the air pressure is 1.0 atm. A 10-cm-diameter, 2.0 kg piston can slide without friction up and down the cylinder. The volumes of the compartments are not known, but the cylinder diameter is known.

a. What is the final temperature?
b. How much heat is transferred from the left side to the right side?
c. How high is the piston lifted due to the heat transfer?
d. What fraction of the heat is converted to work?

I believe Part b follows directly from the relation between absolute temperature and KE (just find the difference in temperatures between initial and equilibrium states). However, I cannot figure out part a. Any tips/leads would be helpful.

Given that you're only dealing with Helium, the final temperature of the entire system will be equal to the average temperature per mole.

You're on the right track for part b. The energy transferred will be directly proportional to the change in temperature of one side.

One thing to note - while the volume of the compartments are not given, there is enough information to calculate the initial volume of the right compartment. This should help with part c.
 

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