Higgs Boson and confidence levels

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SUMMARY

The current consensus among physicists is that there is a high level of confidence in the existence of the Higgs boson, particularly around the 125 GeV mass range, despite the need for more data to achieve a 5-sigma confidence level. Signals have been detected across multiple search channels and detectors, suggesting that the observations are unlikely to be mere coincidences under the background-only model. However, there is minor evidence indicating that some branching ratios may not align perfectly with Standard Model predictions, which could be clarified with additional data. Overall, the scientific community leans towards the belief that the Higgs boson exists, albeit with some uncertainties regarding its exact properties.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of particle physics concepts, particularly the Standard Model
  • Familiarity with Higgs boson properties and detection methods
  • Knowledge of statistical significance in experimental physics, specifically the 5-sigma threshold
  • Experience with data analysis in high-energy physics experiments, such as those conducted by ATLAS and CMS
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the latest findings from the ATLAS and CMS experiments regarding Higgs boson detection
  • Study the implications of branching ratios in particle physics and their significance in confirming theoretical models
  • Explore statistical methods used in particle physics to evaluate confidence levels and significance
  • Investigate the potential for new physics beyond the Standard Model in relation to the Higgs boson
USEFUL FOR

Physicists, researchers in particle physics, and students studying the Standard Model and Higgs boson properties will benefit from this discussion.

SeventhSigma
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What is the current state of things? Are they fairly confident that the Higgs exist despite more data being needed for the 5-sigma confidence level? Could it still (realistically) turn out to not exist?
 
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It could still turn out not to exist, yes, but it is not very likely in my opinion. They are seeing signals (albeit very small) in multiple search channels in multiple detectors in the same place. It would be a pretty large coincidence for this to occur under the background-only model, or a really unfortunate and strange screwup in the background modelling.

It may turn out to not quite have the correct properties for a Standard Model Higgs, in fact there is already minor evidence that some of the branching ratios are not quite right (but this could easily go away with more data). So I don't know if I would bet on it being exactly Standard Model like, but it seems close, and I would stick my money on them having something rather than nothing.
 
kurros said:
or a really unfortunate and strange screwup in the background modelling.
While this might be true for channels without direct mass measurements, the two-photon channel should not be affected by this. This plot from ATLAS shows some peak-like structure which is already visible by eye.
SeventhSigma said:
Are they fairly confident [...]
If you ask the scientists directly involved in the seach, they will tell you something about "it is too early to say this". But the usual opinion seems to be that this is the Higgs at ~125 GeV.
 

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