How can I solve this complex differential equation?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on solving the differential equation \(\frac{dy}{dx}=e^{x+iy}\) using complex analysis techniques. The user attempts various methods, including multiplying by conjugates to simplify the equation, ultimately realizing that separating the integral into real and imaginary components leads to a more straightforward solution. The key takeaway is that the integral of \(\frac{dy}{e^{iy}}\) simplifies to \(\int e^x\;dx\), demonstrating an effective approach to handling complex exponentials in differential equations.

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  • Understanding of complex numbers and Euler's formula
  • Familiarity with basic differential equations
  • Knowledge of integration techniques, particularly with complex functions
  • Experience with manipulating complex exponentials
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  • Learn techniques for integrating complex functions, focusing on contour integration
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Students and professionals in mathematics, particularly those studying differential equations and complex analysis, will benefit from this discussion. It is also valuable for educators seeking effective teaching strategies for complex integration techniques.

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Homework Statement


[tex]\frac{dy}{dx}=e^{x+iy}[/tex]


Homework Equations



[tex]e^{x+iy}=e^{x}(\cos y+i\sin y)[/tex]

The Attempt at a Solution


[tex]\frac{dy}{dx}=e^{x}(\cos y+i\sin y)[/tex]
[tex]\frac{dy}{\cos y+i\sin y}=e^{x}dx[/tex]

I tried multiplying by [tex]\frac{\cos y-i\sin y}{\cos y-i\sin y}[/tex] and [tex]\frac{\cos y+i\sin y}{\cos y+i\sin y}[/tex] and tons of other bad math to try and eliminate i or get it so that I can put it with the constant. None of that led to any meaningful results. Complex analysis has never been my strong suit especially since I've never really been taught it.
 
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Suggestion:

[tex]\frac{1}{\cos y + i \sin y}\cdot\frac{\cos y - i \sin y}{\cos y - i \sin y}=\frac{\cos y - i \sin y}{\cos^2 y + \sin^2 y}=\cos y - i \sin y[/tex]

I assume the i can be taken out of the integral (after separating cos y and i sin y) since it is a constant?
 
It would however be much simpler to note that,

[tex]\int\frac{dy}{e^{iy}} = \int e^x\;dx[/tex]

[tex]\int e^{-iy}\;dy = \int e^x\;dx[/tex]

[tex]\int \left\{\cos\left(-y\right) + i\sin\left(-y\right)\right\}\;dy = \int e^x\;dx[/tex]

[tex]\int \left\{\cos\left(y\right) - i\sin\left(y\right)\right\}\;dy = \int e^x\;dx[/tex]

which is of course the same result, but is a more straightforward approach.
 

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