How can you accurately measure your weight on Jupiter without a solid surface?

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SUMMARY

To accurately measure weight on Jupiter, one must consider the planet's gravity, which is approximately 25 meters per second squared. Since Jupiter lacks a solid surface, a spacecraft must maintain a fixed altitude above its gaseous layers. This can be achieved by accelerating upward at a rate sufficient to counteract Jupiter's gravity, allowing a scale to provide a weight reading. Utilizing radar to gauge distance from the nearest gaseous layer can further enhance measurement accuracy.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of gravitational acceleration, specifically 25 m/s² on Jupiter.
  • Basic knowledge of physics principles related to weight and acceleration.
  • Familiarity with spacecraft dynamics and altitude maintenance.
  • Knowledge of radar technology for distance measurement.
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the principles of gravitational acceleration and its effects on weight measurement.
  • Explore spacecraft design and technology for maintaining altitude in a gaseous environment.
  • Learn about radar systems and their application in distance measurement in planetary atmospheres.
  • Study the physics of weightlessness and how it relates to acceleration in different gravitational fields.
USEFUL FOR

Astronomy students, physicists, aerospace engineers, and anyone interested in the challenges of measuring weight in non-solid environments like Jupiter.

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This was a bonus question on my astronomy homework, but my knowledge of basic physics is so incredibly limited that I am really struggling with it. It's bugging me because I'd just really like to know how this works.

"Given that Jupiter has no solid surface, how could you weigh yourself on Jupiter?"

Well, first I calculated acceleration of gravity on Jupiter and I got about 25 meters per second squared.

Then, I thought about riding in an elevator on Earth and I know that if you are accelerating downward, your weight is decreasing. If you are plummeting at 9.8 m/s^2 (Earth's acceleration of gravity) then you should feel no weight all. (I think ..?)
If the elevator starts accelerating back up very fast, your weight is going to increase.

My feeling is that you would need to be accelerating upward (in a special space-craft, maybe)at a certain rate to take a measure of your weight on Jupiter. But I am kinda lost now.

Thanks in advance for your help :)
 
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My feeling is that you would need to be accelerating upward (in a special space-craft, maybe)at a certain rate to take a measure of your weight on Jupiter. But I am kinda lost now.

Actually, that's a good start! And, after a few minutes of pondering it, I think I understand ambitwistor's suggestion too!

Of course, you would want your "scale", sitting in your "special space-craft" to be motionless itself with respect to Jupiter. Perhaps you could use radar to determine you distance with respect to whatever surface there is (there is, I believe something like a liquid surface, or perhaps just an isocline would do).

In order to be motionless relative to Jupiter, what does your space-craft have to be doing? If you now stand on a scale, what does that scale tell you?
 
Hello HallsOfIvy and Ambitwistor,

Hmmm... do I need to keep my spaceship at a fixed altitude over the "surface"? Would that do it? In which case I would have to be accelerating enough to fight gravity and hold my altitude steady. Would an upward acceleration of 25 m/s^2 be enough to hold me in place at that altitude? (and can you call it acceleration if you're staying in one place?)
Ambitwistor, were you suggesting that maybe I could hang from a scale instead of standing? (I probably completely misinterpreted that, but I thought I'd give it a shot.)
Thank you both!
 

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