Rank forces according to magnitude: Newton's 2nd/3rd laws

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Homework Help Overview

The problem involves two crates, A and B, situated in an elevator moving downward at a constant speed. The mass of crate A is greater than that of crate B. Participants are tasked with ranking the forces acting on the crates according to their magnitudes, while referencing Newton's second and third laws.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification, Assumption checking, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss the relationships between normal forces and weights, referencing Newton's laws to justify their reasoning. There is exploration of how the forces balance when the elevator moves at constant speed, and questions arise regarding the application of Newton's second law in this context.

Discussion Status

The discussion is ongoing, with participants sharing their reasoning and questioning each other's assumptions. Some have expressed uncertainty about the role of Newton's second law, while others have provided insights into the relationships between the forces involved. There is no explicit consensus on the final ranking, but a proposed ranking has been shared.

Contextual Notes

Participants are navigating the implications of constant speed in the elevator and how it relates to the forces acting on the crates. There is a recognition of the differences in mass between the crates, which influences their weights and the normal forces. Some participants express confusion about the application of Newton's laws, particularly the second law, in this scenario.

bornofflame
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Homework Statement


Two crates, A and B, are in an elevator as shown. The mass of crate A is greater than the mass of crate B.

a. The elevator moves downward at constant speed.
...
iii. Rank the forces on the crate according to magnitude, from largest to smallest. Explain your reasoning, including how you used Newton's second and third laws.
p101-mech-hw-40.png
p101-mech-hw-40-fbd.png

Homework Equations



F = ma
W = mg

The Attempt at a Solution



This is what I have:
N (elevator on B) > N (B on A) = N (A on B) = W (Earth on A) = W (Earth on B)
The following ranking is valid because, per Newton's 3rd law, the normal forces between A and B are action-reaction pairs and so are equal in magnitude, which in turn means that, because A is at rest and so has a net force of zero, it's weight, W, is equal in magnitude to the normal of B on A, N (B on A).
Because B is also at rest, relative to the elevator, it's net force is also zero and so the normal force of the elevator on B, N (Elev. on B) is equal in magnitude to the forces in the opposite direction, namely N (A on B) and W (Earth on B).

I believe this is correct but my understanding of the forces is not so solid that I feel I'm 100% confident in this and I am not sure how Newton's 2nd Law plays into the explanation because except for the motion of the elevator, the boxes are not moving and even then the elevator is moving at a constant speed which, to me, speaks more to Newton's 1st law and not the 2nd.
Am I correct in my reasoning or am I missing something?
Thanks for your help.
 

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bornofflame said:
W (Earth on A) = W (Earth on B)
How did you decide that?
 
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I was looking at it this way:
if N (A on B) = W (Earth on B),
N (A on B) = N (B on A),
N (B on A) = W (Earth on A)
then W (Earth on A) = W (Earth on B).

Although, now that you've pointed it out, it seems silly because of course they would both have different weights since the mass of B is less than A.

Hmmm.

So, if N (Elevator on B) = N (A on B) + W (Earth on B) then that means that N (A on B) > W (Earth on B)?
 
bornofflame said:
if N (A on B) = W (Earth on B)
But it isn't.
bornofflame said:
So, if N (Elevator on B) = N (A on B) + W (Earth on B) then that means that N (A on B) > W (Earth on B)?
Yes.
 
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Ok. Thank you, very much!
So, I am pretty sure then that the final ranking is as follows:
N (Elevator on B) > N (B on A) = N (A on B) = W (Earth on A) > W (Earth on B)

Does Newton's 2nd law come into play at all in the explanation? From my understanding it's only the 1st and 3rd laws that are relevant to the explanation.
 
bornofflame said:
Ok. Thank you, very much!
So, I am pretty sure then that the final ranking is as follows:
N (Elevator on B) > N (B on A) = N (A on B) = W (Earth on A) > W (Earth on B)

Does Newton's 2nd law come into play at all in the explanation? From my understanding it's only the 1st and 3rd laws that are relevant to the explanation.
Yes, since no momentum is changing in this question.
 
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