How Do Bubbles Form and Expand in Beer?

[alnywk]

why there have bubble in beer,
what the pathway do the bubbles go in pv diagram


my idea :

assume temperature is constant
pressure in the bottom is higher than the suface
so the bubbles size increase

then where the energy come from?

 

[alnywk]

is this action violate the first law of thermodynamics??
how about if you shake the beer, is it mean you input the energy into the system , then do it violate the 1st of thermodynamic?

 

[turbo]

Run a Google search on "carbonation" and "beer" and you will find out all you need to know about how these bubbles seem to appear from nowhere.