How Do Light Cones Differ in Accelerating vs. Decelerating Expansions?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the differences in light cones resulting from accelerating versus decelerating expansions in a specific metric derived from the Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) metric in 1+1 dimensions. Participants explore the implications of different values of the parameter epsilon (ε) on the structure of light cones.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant presents a metric and discusses the resulting light cone structures for different values of ε, noting that for ε > 1, the expansion is decelerating and the light cone resembles that of Minkowski space.
  • In contrast, for 0 < ε < 1, the light cone structure appears disconnected, leading to confusion about the physical interpretation of this result.
  • Another participant suggests that the behavior at t = 0 could be influencing the light cone structure, questioning why both cases of expansion do not yield similar results.
  • A third participant points out a potential oversight regarding the sign change in the equations, indicating that all past and future light cones are interconnected at t = 0.
  • The original poster expresses further confusion about the implications of ε = 1, where the light cone structure exhibits crossing lines in both the future and past.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing interpretations of the light cone structures based on the values of ε, with no consensus reached on the underlying reasons for the observed differences.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights the complexities involved in interpreting light cones in non-standard metrics, with specific attention to the role of the parameter ε and its impact on the geometry of spacetime.

Cancer
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Hi everyone!
I'm solving some GR problems and I have a question.
The problem is that we have a metric like the FRW metric but in 1+1 dimensions, i.e.:
ds^2 = -dt \otimes dt + a(t)^2 dx \otimes dt
Where a(t)=t^{1/\epsilon} (for t&gt;0) and a(t)=(-t)^{1/\epsilon} (for t&lt;0).
We take a vector V^\mu = dx^\mu / d\lambda and apply it to the metric as ds^2 (V,V)=0.
For t&gt;0 we get:
dt = \pm a(t) dx \rightarrow x(t) = \pm \frac{t^{1-1/\epsilon}}{1-1/\epsilon}
Ok, having all this said (until this point everything is correct, is part of the exercise) here's my problem.
For \epsilon &gt;1 we have a decelerating expansion and we get, for instance for \epsilon = 2:
t = x^2
(Up to some constant I don't care)
I can more or less understand this result, it's similar to the light cone in Minkowski's, and it gets more stretched with time as the expansion gets decelerated.

Let's go to the case 0 &lt; \epsilon &lt; 1. In this case, for instance for \epsilon = 1/2, we get
t=x^{-1}
I don't understand this case, the light-cone from the future and the past are not even conected.
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/43/Hyperbola_one_over_x.svg
Imagine this image but with the red lines in both side of the axis.

Does anyone have an explanation to this fact? I don't see why the accelerating and the decelerating expansions give us so different light-cones!
 
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At the beginning I thought that the second case could be because a(0)=0 (even though t=0 is not defined...), so every observer is like conected at t=0... but then I wouldn't understand the first case! Because both are expansions, they should look like similar.
 
Did you notice that you also happened to change sign on the ##\pm##? If you draw the light cone from any given point (including the constant you neglected), all of the past at t = 0 is going to be included. Similarly, for t smaller than 0, all space at t=0 will be in the future light cone. In particular, for t > 0, this means all of space for t < 0 is within the past light cone.
 
Yeah, but why that doesn't happen in the first case? :(

In addition, if we take \epsilon =1 \rightarrow a(t) = t, then:
dt = \pm t dx \rightarrow \ln (t)=\pm x \rightarrow t = \exp (\pm x)
That case is also reaaally weird, as you have line cossing in the future and in the past...

Thanks for the answer ;)
 

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