How Do Three P Orbitals Affect Quantum Energies in Molecules?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the quantum mechanics of three P orbitals (X, Y, Z) within the same subshell and their influence on electron energy levels. Key points include the role of spin-orbit coupling and external electric fields in determining energy states, as well as the implications of the Pauli exclusion principle. The conversation emphasizes that while individual atoms exhibit distinct energy levels, the complexity increases when considering molecular interactions and hybridization. The distinction between classical and quantum mechanical interpretations of orbital shapes and electron densities is also highlighted.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum mechanics principles, particularly the Pauli exclusion principle.
  • Familiarity with quantum numbers: principal quantum number (n), angular momentum quantum number (l), magnetic quantum number (m_l), and spin quantum number (m_s).
  • Knowledge of orbital shapes and their characteristics, specifically P and S orbitals.
  • Basic grasp of spin-orbit coupling and its effects on atomic energy levels.
NEXT STEPS
  • Explore the concept of spin-orbit coupling in detail, particularly in relation to atomic structure.
  • Investigate the effects of external electric fields on atomic orbitals and energy levels.
  • Learn about hybridization in molecular orbital theory and its implications for bonding.
  • Study the differences between classical and quantum mechanical models of atomic orbitals.
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in physics and chemistry, particularly those focusing on quantum mechanics, atomic structure, and molecular interactions.

  • #31
When you get to molecules its a whole different ball game, because your electron orbitals are no longer isolated to the atom, but you must include BOTH atoms. You start to have "bonding" orbitals and "antibonding" orbitals. This is why, for example, the emission spectra of (plain old oxygen) is different than it is for , (ozone), because the electrons in these molecules are allowed different energy levels

Didn't learn that until the day after.
 

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