How Do You Derive Pressure from the Grand Partition Function?

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To derive pressure from the grand partition function, the relationship between the grand potential and pressure is central, expressed as ##\Phi_G = -PV##. The grand partition function is defined as ##Z_G = \sum_i e^{\beta(\mu N_i - E_i)}##, and the probability of each state is given by ##P_i = \frac{e^{\beta(\mu N_i - E_i)}}{Z_G}##. The entropy can be calculated using the formula S = -k∑_i P_i ln P_i, leading to the rearrangement of the grand potential as ##\Phi_G = U - TS - \mu N = F - \mu N##. The discussion emphasizes the need to establish the connection between the Helmholtz free energy (F) and the chemical potential (μ) to ultimately derive the grand potential and pressure. Understanding these relationships is crucial for proving the equivalence of the grand potential to -PV.
Rawrzz
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Can someone take a look at picture and show me how to derive the pressure from the grand partition function ?
 

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Grand potential ##\Phi_G = -PV##
Grand potential ##Z = e^{-\beta \Phi_G}##

Thus, ##PV = kT ln Z##
 
Unscietific,

I can't use the fact that the grand potential equals -PV because my goal is to prove that the grand potential in terms of the partition function is equivalent to (-PV).

I know that those sums on the left side must equal (PV/KT) but I don't know the details of how to show it.
 
Rawrzz said:
Unscietific,

I can't use the fact that the grand potential equals -PV because my goal is to prove that the grand potential in terms of the partition function is equivalent to (-PV).

I know that those sums on the left side must equal (PV/KT) but I don't know the details of how to show it.

The grand partition function is sum of all states ##Z_G = \sum_i e^{\beta(\mu N_i - E_i)}## and Probability is i-th state over all possible states: ##P_i = \frac{e^{\beta(\mu N_i - E_i)}}{Z_G}##.
S = -k\sum_i P_i ln P_i = \frac{U - \mu N + kT ln (Z_G)}{T}
Rearranging,
-kT ln (Z_G) = \Phi_G = U - TS - \mu N = F - \mu N

Now we must find ##F## and ##\mu##.

Starting with partition function of an ideal gas: ##Z_N = \frac{1}{N!}(\frac{V}{\lambda_{th}^3})^N##, what is ##F##?

Using the below relation, how do you find ##\mu##?

dF = -pdV - SdT + \mu dN
Putting these together, can you find ##\Phi_G##?
 
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