How do you see the sun after it has set?

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SUMMARY

The phenomenon that allows us to see the sun after it has set is primarily due to refraction, as described by Snell's Law. The density of the atmosphere decreases with height, affecting the index of refraction and bending the light from the sun, allowing it to reach the observer's eyes even when the sun is geometrically below the horizon. This optical effect is crucial for understanding atmospheric optics and light behavior.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Snell's Law and its application in optics
  • Basic knowledge of atmospheric density and its impact on light refraction
  • Familiarity with optical phenomena such as reflection and refraction
  • Concept of the index of refraction in different mediums
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the principles of atmospheric refraction in detail
  • Study Snell's Law and its applications in various optical scenarios
  • Explore the effects of atmospheric conditions on light propagation
  • Investigate other optical phenomena such as diffraction and scattering
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, particularly those interested in optics and atmospheric science, as well as educators looking to explain the concepts of light behavior in the atmosphere.

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How do you see the sun after it has set??

Homework Statement



The density of the atmosphere decreases with height, as does the index of refraction. Explain how one can see the sun after it has set.

Homework Equations



Snell's Law:

sin x1 * x1 = sin x2 * x2

The Attempt at a Solution



I'm not sure how to approach this at all, but i think it has something to do with Snell's law...
 
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Multiple choice time

What is the name of the phenomenon that allows us to actually see the light of the sun after the sun has moved (geometrically speaking) below the horizon:
a) reflection b) refraction c) diffraction d) interference e)scattering f) the flying spaghetti monster

hint: which does Snell's law have to do with, and where does the "n" come from?
 
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