How Does a Resistor Affect the Heating Time of Water?

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around the effect of a resistor on the heating time of water, specifically examining the relationship between electrical resistance, heat transfer, and temperature change in a thermodynamic context.

Discussion Character

  • Mixed

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants explore various equations related to heat transfer, including the relationship between resistance, voltage, and heating time. There are attempts to connect the concepts of electrical power and thermal energy, with some questioning the validity of their calculations and assumptions.

Discussion Status

Some participants are providing calculations and expressing uncertainty about their results, while others are affirming the correctness of the equations used. There is an ongoing exploration of the problem, particularly regarding the initial temperature of the water and the need to account for both heating and boiling phases.

Contextual Notes

Participants note the importance of considering the initial temperature of the water and the two distinct phases of heating and boiling, which may not be adequately represented in their current formulations.

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Homework Statement
An electric water heater which is well-insulated warms 107 kg of water from 20.0°C to 45.0°C in 27.0 min.
Find the resistance (in Ω) of its heating element, which is connected across a 240 V potential difference.
How much additional time (in min) would it take the heater to raise the temperature of the water from 45.0°C to 100°C?
What would be the total amount of time (in min) required to evaporate all of the water in the heater starting from 20.0°C?
Relevant Equations
$$P=\frac{(\Delta V)^2}{R}=\frac{Q}{\Delta t}$$
1)$$R=\frac{\Delta t(\Delta V)^2}{Q}=\frac{\Delta t(\Delta V)^2}{mc\Delta T}=8.33\,\Omega$$2)$$\Delta t'=\frac{mcR\Delta T'}{(\Delta V)^2}=\frac{\Delta T'}{\Delta T}\Delta t=59.4\text{ min}$$3) I surfed the net a bit and have found a post on physics.stackexchange in which it is mentioned that the amount of water evaporated is related to the heat by ##Q=Lm##, where ##L=2.26\times10^6\,J/kg##. I used it to get$$P=\frac{(\Delta V)^2}{R}=\frac{dQ}{dt}=L\frac{dm}{dt}\Leftrightarrow\frac{(\Delta V)^2}{R}\Delta t=Lm\Leftrightarrow\Delta t=\frac{RLm}{(\Delta V)^2}$$but this surely is wrong (no taking account of the temperature, and gives a result less than the previous one). Any ideas please?
I really don't know much about thermodynamics.. I thought of ##Q=mc\Delta T## because it was shown in an example in the same chapter I am going through (Currents etc). :sorry:
 
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Not that I can see. Show the calculation (with units please). I believe the equation is correct.
 
hutchphd said:
Not that I can see. Show the calculation (with units please). I believe the equation is correct.
$$\Delta t=\frac{8.33[\frac{kg\,m^2}{s\,C^2}]\times107[kg]\times2.26\times10^6[J/kg=m^2/s^2]}{240^2[J^2/C^2=kg^2m^4/s^4]\times60[s/\text{min}]}=582.85\times\frac{kg\,m^2\,kg\,m^2\,C^2\,s^4\text{ min}}{s\,C^2\,s^2\,kg^2\,m^4\,s}$$I was wrong in my calculations earlier, but this is still wrong. The HW platform won't accept it (it wants it in minutes).
 
Seems reasonable to me. They want the " heat up" part too I think.
 
hutchphd said:
Seems reasonable to me. They want the " heat up" part too I think.
What bugs me is that the question says "starting from 20 degrees C", while my expression has no room for temperature.
 
Its two parts: heat the water to from 20 to 100C and then boil it!
 
hutchphd said:
Its two parts: heat the water to from 20 to 100C and then boil it!
where is my brain.. :nb)
thank you!
 
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