How does AP propagate in large myelinated neuron?

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In summary, the conversation discusses how action potentials (APs) propagate along neurons. The source mentioned (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21668/#_A6137_) states that APs spread passively along the length of the neuron, but this is only true for small myelinated neurons and large unmyelinated ones. The question posed is how APs propagate along large myelinated neurons. The responder clarifies that the section linked to explains the passive spread of a potential change, but the next section discusses how voltage-gated channels actively generate and spread APs, which answers the question.
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TytoAlba95
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I am reading https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21668/#_A6137_. It mentions that AP propagates along the length of the neuron due to the passive spread of depolarization, but it is only for small (thin, I presume?) myelinated neurons and large unmyelinated ones.
My question is how do APs propagate along large myelinated neurons?
 
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I think you mis-understood what they were saying.
the section you linked to is saying first understand how we are explaining passive spread of a potential change, which you seem to understand.
The next section (Voltage-Gated Cation Channels Generate Action Potentials) explains how voltage gated channels make action potentials spread actively, which answers your question.
 

1. What is AP propagation in large myelinated neurons?

AP propagation, or action potential propagation, is the process by which an electrical signal travels along a large myelinated neuron. This signal is generated by the movement of ions across the neuron's membrane, and it allows for communication between different parts of the nervous system.

2. How does myelin affect AP propagation in large neurons?

Myelin is a fatty substance that covers and insulates the axons of neurons, allowing for faster and more efficient propagation of action potentials. In large myelinated neurons, myelin acts as an insulator, preventing the electrical signal from leaking out and ensuring that it travels quickly and efficiently down the axon.

3. What role do voltage-gated ion channels play in AP propagation?

Voltage-gated ion channels are specialized proteins that are located along the axon of a neuron. These channels open and close in response to changes in the electrical potential of the neuron, allowing for the movement of ions and the propagation of the action potential. They are essential for the proper functioning of AP propagation in large myelinated neurons.

4. How does the diameter of a neuron's axon affect AP propagation?

The diameter of a neuron's axon plays a crucial role in AP propagation. In general, larger axons have a lower resistance to the flow of electrical current, allowing for faster propagation of action potentials. This is why large myelinated neurons, which have larger axons, are able to propagate action potentials more quickly than smaller unmyelinated neurons.

5. What is the significance of saltatory conduction in AP propagation?

Saltatory conduction is the process by which an action potential jumps from one node of Ranvier to the next along a myelinated axon. This allows for the action potential to travel faster and more efficiently, as it does not have to travel the entire length of the axon. This is a key factor in the rapid propagation of action potentials in large myelinated neurons.

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