How does AP propagate in large myelinated neuron?

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In summary, when an action potential (AP) travels along a large myelinated neuron, it is able to propagate rapidly due to the presence of myelin sheaths that insulate the axon. This insulation prevents the leakage of electrical signals, allowing the AP to travel faster and more efficiently. Additionally, the nodes of Ranvier, where the myelin sheaths are absent, serve as important points for the regeneration of the AP, ensuring its continuous propagation along the axon. Overall, the combination of myelin and nodes of Ranvier allows for the rapid and efficient propagation of AP in large myelinated neurons.
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TytoAlba95
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I am reading https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK21668/#_A6137_. It mentions that AP propagates along the length of the neuron due to the passive spread of depolarization, but it is only for small (thin, I presume?) myelinated neurons and large unmyelinated ones.
My question is how do APs propagate along large myelinated neurons?
 
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I think you mis-understood what they were saying.
the section you linked to is saying first understand how we are explaining passive spread of a potential change, which you seem to understand.
The next section (Voltage-Gated Cation Channels Generate Action Potentials) explains how voltage gated channels make action potentials spread actively, which answers your question.
 

FAQ: How does AP propagate in large myelinated neuron?

1. What is AP propagation in large myelinated neurons?

AP propagation, or action potential propagation, is the process by which an electrical signal travels along a large myelinated neuron. This signal is generated by the movement of ions across the neuron's membrane, and it allows for communication between different parts of the nervous system.

2. How does myelin affect AP propagation in large neurons?

Myelin is a fatty substance that covers and insulates the axons of neurons, allowing for faster and more efficient propagation of action potentials. In large myelinated neurons, myelin acts as an insulator, preventing the electrical signal from leaking out and ensuring that it travels quickly and efficiently down the axon.

3. What role do voltage-gated ion channels play in AP propagation?

Voltage-gated ion channels are specialized proteins that are located along the axon of a neuron. These channels open and close in response to changes in the electrical potential of the neuron, allowing for the movement of ions and the propagation of the action potential. They are essential for the proper functioning of AP propagation in large myelinated neurons.

4. How does the diameter of a neuron's axon affect AP propagation?

The diameter of a neuron's axon plays a crucial role in AP propagation. In general, larger axons have a lower resistance to the flow of electrical current, allowing for faster propagation of action potentials. This is why large myelinated neurons, which have larger axons, are able to propagate action potentials more quickly than smaller unmyelinated neurons.

5. What is the significance of saltatory conduction in AP propagation?

Saltatory conduction is the process by which an action potential jumps from one node of Ranvier to the next along a myelinated axon. This allows for the action potential to travel faster and more efficiently, as it does not have to travel the entire length of the axon. This is a key factor in the rapid propagation of action potentials in large myelinated neurons.

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