How Does Trace Class Operator Q Relate to Norms in Hilbert Spaces?

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around the relationship between trace class operators and norms in Hilbert spaces, specifically in the context of a lemma from a text on Gaussian measures. The original poster expresses confusion regarding a proof that connects finite Borel measures to trace class operators.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • The original poster attempts to understand the transition to the sum involving the trace of the operator Q, questioning the treatment of complex numbers in the context of inner products. Other participants provide definitions and clarifications regarding the properties of inner products in Hilbert spaces.

Discussion Status

The discussion is progressing with participants clarifying definitions and addressing misunderstandings. The original poster acknowledges a mistake after receiving clarification, indicating a productive exchange of ideas.

Contextual Notes

There is a mention of the space H being a real Hilbert space, which may influence the interpretation of the inner products discussed.

camillio
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Hello, I'm reading Gaussian measures on Hilbert spaces by S. Maniglia (available via google) and I have the following issue, regarding the proof.

He states in Lemma 1.1.4:
Let μ be a finite Borel measure on H. Then the following assertions are equivalent:
(1) \int_H |x|^2 \mu(dx) < \infty
(2) There exists a positive, symmetric, trace class operator Q s.t. for x,y \in H
<Qx, y> = \int_H <x,z><y,z> \mu(dz).

If (2) holds, then Tr Q = \int_H |x|^2 \mu(dx).
--------

The proof begins:
Spse (2) holds. Let (e_n)_{n\in \mathbb{N}} be an orthonormal basis of H. Then
<br /> \int_H |x|^2 \mu(dx) = \sum_{n=1}^\infty \int_H |&lt;x, e_n&gt;|^2 \mu(dx) = \sum_{n=1}^\infty &lt;Qe_n, e_n&gt; = Tr Q &lt; \infty.<br />

What I have trouble with is the transitiono to the sum of &lt;Qe_n, e_n&gt;. If I suppose, that x, e_n may be complex, then I miss the adjoint part of the absolute value.

Most probably I miss some trivial notion, so any help will be appreciated.
 
Last edited:
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By definition, ##|z|^2 = z\overline{z} ##, so ## |<x, e_n>|^2 = <x, e_n>\overline{<x, e_n>} = <x, e_n><e_n, x> ##.
 
I know, but what then with the following?
<br /> &lt;Qx, y&gt; = \int_H &lt;x,z&gt; &lt;y,z&gt; \mu(dz)<br />

If I understand correctly,
<br /> &lt;Qe_n, e_n&gt; = \int &lt;e_n, x&gt; &lt;e_n, x&gt; \mu(dx) = \int &lt;e_n, x&gt;^2 \mu(dx)<br />
which doesn't coincide with abs. value for complex numbers.
 
Read the first paragraph in 1.1. H is a real Hilbert space.
 
Damn, you're right! I'm deeply sorry, my trivial fault :-(
 
I'm sorry, can you, please, post a link to the book ? I couldn't find it on google books either by name, or by title...

Thanks! (later edit).
 
Last edited:

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