How Is the Average Speed of Molecules Calculated?

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The average speed of molecules is calculated using the Root Mean Square (RMS) speed formula, which is derived from the kinetic theory of gases. This formula takes into account the mass of the molecules and their temperature to determine the average kinetic energy. The average speed is not the same as volume; instead, it reflects the motion of individual molecules within a gas. Understanding this calculation is essential for applications in thermodynamics and physical chemistry. Accurate calculations of molecular speed provide insights into gas behavior and properties.
Twilit_Truth
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How do you caclulate the average speed of a molecule? Is it the same as the volume?



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Look up Root Mean Square value of a gas.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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