How Is Total Power Calculated in AC Circuits?

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SUMMARY

Total power in AC circuits is calculated using the formula P_{TOT} = \frac {V_n I_n \cos \phi_n}{2}, as referenced in Tooley and Dingle's textbook. The specific example provided involves voltage v=50sin(ωt)+10sin(3ωt + π/2) and current i=3.54sin(ωt + π/4) + 0.316sin(3ωt + 0.321). The solution demonstrates that the relationship between the terms involves the cosine of the phase difference, specifically using cos(a-b) = sin(wt + φ1) × sin(wt + φ2), although this relationship is not explicitly documented in the referenced materials.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of AC circuit theory
  • Familiarity with phasor representation of voltage and current
  • Knowledge of trigonometric identities, particularly cosine and sine functions
  • Ability to interpret and manipulate equations involving power calculations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of power formulas in AC circuits
  • Learn about phasor analysis in electrical engineering
  • Research the implications of phase angles in power calculations
  • Explore resources on average power calculation in AC circuits, such as HyperPhysics
USEFUL FOR

Electrical engineering students, educators, and professionals involved in AC circuit analysis and power calculations will benefit from this discussion.

Simon.T
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Ok guys this one is straight out of a textbook, (Tooley, M. and Dingle, L. (2008) Higher National Engineering, 2nd ed. Oxford: Elsevier, p.353.)

Homework Statement


v=50sin(\omega t)+10sin(3\omega t + \pi /2)
i=3.54sin(\omega t + \pi /4) + 0.316sin(3\omega t +0.321)

Homework Equations


\sum_{n=1}^{n=m} \frac {V_nI_ncos\phi_n} 2

The Attempt at a Solution


The solution given is
P_{TOT} =\frac {50\times 3.54} 2 cos(-\pi /4) + \frac {10\times 0.316} 2 cos(\pi /2 - 0.321)

I don't understand how the solution in part 3 relates to the equation in part 2. The solution implies cos(a-b) = sin(wt + \phi_1)\times sin(wt+\phi_2) but I cannot find this written anywhere apart from here

cos(a-b)=cos(a)cos(b)+sin(a)sin(b) So we are just ignoring the cos terms?

I'm really quite tired so I am sorry if this seems like a stupid question, I swear this textbook is useless.
 
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