How to connect DC motor to Raspberry Pi?

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on connecting a standard DC motor to a Raspberry Pi. Directly connecting the motor to the Raspberry Pi's power and ground pins is insufficient for speed and direction control. Instead, users should implement a motor driver, such as the one that can drive up to 16 motors using PWM, and utilize a Python script to manage motor control through pulse-width modulation (PWM) and duty cycle adjustments. Additionally, it is crucial to power the motor from an external 3-5V source rather than directly from the Raspberry Pi pins.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Raspberry Pi GPIO pin configuration
  • Knowledge of PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) for motor control
  • Familiarity with Python programming for scripting
  • Basic electronics concepts, including power supply and motor drivers
NEXT STEPS
  • Research how to use a Raspberry Pi motor driver with PWM
  • Learn about Python libraries for controlling motors, such as RPi.GPIO or pigpio
  • Explore tutorials on setting up a Raspberry Pi with external power sources
  • Investigate different motor driver shields or HATs compatible with Raspberry Pi
USEFUL FOR

Electronics enthusiasts, hobbyists working on Raspberry Pi projects, and anyone interested in controlling DC motors with programming and external hardware.

sur4j
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I have recently taken apart a few old DVD drives to see if there were any stepper motors available for a Raspberry Pi project I am currently working on. When I opened one of the older drives I found a motor which was unlike the others as it only seemed to have two wires going directly to the coils. Is this a standard DC motor?

If this is a standard DC motor, how would I connect this to the RPi ports? Is there a procedure for this for example, checking coil resistance and then determining resistor sizes required to be in series with the motor or can I just directly connect the red wire to the positive output of the RPi and the black wire to ground?

Please see the following links to images for this:
s46.photobucket.com/user/suraj1793/media/IMG_2365_zps136cb5ba.jpg.html?filters[user]=141636453&filters[recent]=1&sort=1&o=1

s46.photobucket.com/user/suraj1793/media/IMG_2366_zpsaf5ed524.jpg.html?filters[user]=141636453&filters[recent]=1&sort=1&o=0

s46.photobucket.com/user/suraj1793/media/IMG_2364_zpse39a413e.jpg.html?filters[user]=141636453&filters[recent]=1&sort=1&o=2

I am new to working with motors and have very little experience with electronics therefore, would greatly appreciate some help with this. Thanks.
 
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Hi sur4j.
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Have you tried a google search? That is sure to turn up plenty of material for you to examine while you are waiting for someone here who's familiar with what you are planning.

Good luck.
 
First you need to Learn about Raspberry Pi. If you simply connect the DC motor to the RPi's power and GND pin, it will only rotate in one direction at particular speed, and you can't control it, and hence no use of RPi, you can simply do this by connecting DC motor to 9v battery.
But if you want to control its speed and direction then Rpi comes into picture, and it can be easily done by using a Python Script. There are plenty of tutorial on it, I am referring one here, which have a demo Video DC motor with Raspberry Pi. It basically uses PWM and duty cycle concept to control its speed.
But if you are new with Raspberry please go through this officcial raspberry pi Quick start guide where you will learn to install and configure OS on Pi board
 
Last edited:
https://www.adafruit.com/products/2327

above is a dc motor driver for the raspberry pi. it can drive up to 16 motors using pwm.

ALSO

do not every drive power electronics directly off the raspberry pi pins. You should provide the power from a 3/5 V rail created by the external source (even if its the same source powering the pi). Then use a switch (bjt, mosftet, etc) to switch the power supply.

There are likely other shields/hats for the pi that might be able to help you as well.
 

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