How to get the equation for 3D projectile motion?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on modeling the trajectory of a tennis ball in 3D using Geogebra, considering factors such as initial velocity, initial height, and angles of projection. The primary force acting on the ball is gravity at 9.8 m/s², while the user has chosen to exclude air resistance and spin, which are critical for accurate modeling. Participants emphasize that neglecting these factors may lead to significant inaccuracies in the simulation. The conversation highlights the need for a comprehensive approach to include all relevant forces for a precise mathematical representation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of 3D projectile motion equations
  • Familiarity with Geogebra software
  • Basic physics concepts, particularly forces and motion
  • Knowledge of initial conditions in projectile motion
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  • Research the equations of motion for 3D projectile trajectories
  • Learn how to incorporate air resistance and spin into projectile motion models
  • Explore advanced features of Geogebra for simulating physics problems
  • Study the effects of varying initial conditions on projectile motion outcomes
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Students and educators in physics or mathematics, particularly those involved in modeling physical phenomena, as well as anyone interested in optimizing sports performance through mathematical analysis.

PlasmaRadiator24
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Hey guys, so I'm currently writing a math exploration paper on modelling the optimal tennis serve. I am using Geogebra and I was wondering if you could help me come up with the equation that will help model the trajectory of the tennis ball over time given the following conditions:
1. Initial Velocity
2. Initial Height
3. Initial vertical angle
4. Initial Horizontal angle

I would like to model this on a 3 dimensional plane meaning (x,y,z) this is where i have an issue.
I decided to exclude the spin, drag, and air resistance as any factors involved. The only force acting on the ball after the serve is ag at 9.8m/s^2.
 
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PlasmaRadiator24 said:
Hey guys, so I'm currently writing a math exploration paper on modelling the optimal tennis serve. I am using Geogebra and I was wondering if you could help me come up with the equation that will help model the trajectory of the tennis ball over time given the following conditions:
1. Initial Velocity
2. Initial Height
3. Initial vertical angle
4. Initial Horizontal angle

I would like to model this on a 3 dimensional plane meaning (x,y,z) this is where i have an issue.
I decided to exclude the spin, drag, and air resistance as any factors involved. The only force acting on the ball after the serve is ag at 9.8m/s^2.
Welcome to the PF. I've deleted several cross-posts of yours.

Ignoring air resistance and spin seems to be a fundamental error of simplification. Those are fundamental to a good tennis serve. Can you comment about including those effects?
 
I suppose that it would make my model much more accurate, however what I am worried about is the complexity of finding all the equations relating all these factors. The images below show my initial modelling of the tennis court and now the problem is getting the equations to move the ball according to the factors above to model the balls's trajection.
 

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What class is this for? If it's for anything beyond a non-calculus first physics clsss, it would seem that air resistance and the effects of spin would be key.

Part of the Homework Help Template that you deleted asks for the exact problem statement in full. Can you please provide that, and say which uni class this problem is for?
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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