LaTeX How to split a very large latex line in Texmaker?

[fluidistic]

Hi guys, so I have a very large line of latex in texmaker. When i compile it icant read the right part of it. The latex code contains \left [ and \right ] part so i can't split it with $$ $$ signs. Any idea? I also noticed that i have a huge unused left margin/edge in my whole document, despite having chosen article and a4paper as document type. So fixing this problem might fix the need to split the latex line. Thank you.

 

[chiro]

Hey fluidistic.

Is something like this up your alley?

http://people.oregonstate.edu/~peterseb/tex/samples/verbatim-environment.html

 

[fluidistic]

Hey fluidistic.

Is something like this up your alley?

http://people.oregonstate.edu/~peterseb/tex/samples/verbatim-environment.html

Hmm I'm not really sure. Actually I realize I haven't been specific enough: I'm dealing with a mathematical line. This one:
$$\frac{\partial ^2 P}{\partial x^2}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi t} \sigma} \left [ \frac{1}{\sigma ^2 t} \exp \{ -\frac{(x+y-2B)^2}{2\sigma ^2 t} \} + \frac{(x-y)^2}{\sigma ^4 t^2} \exp \{ - \frac{(x-y)^2}{2\sigma ^2 t} \} -\frac{1}{\sigma ^2 t} \exp \{ - \frac{(x-y)^2}{2\sigma ^2 t} \} -\frac{(x+y-2B)^2}{\sigma ^4 t} \exp \{ -\frac{(x+y-2B)^2}{2\sigma ^2 t} \} \right ]$$ and it gets cut in the 3rd exponential term.
I tried to reduce the margin but the result is disastrous (it works for 0 cm margin but I can't use such a small margin!). So I really would like to split that line into 2.

 

[micromass]

Like this?

\begin{align}<br /> &amp; \frac{\partial ^2 P}{\partial x^2}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi t} \sigma} \left [ \frac{1}{\sigma ^2 t} \exp \{ -\frac{(x+y-2B)^2}{2\sigma ^2 t} \} + \frac{(x-y)^2}{\sigma ^4 t^2} \exp \{ - \frac{(x-y)^2}{2\sigma ^2 t} \}\right. \\<br /> &amp; \qquad \qquad \qquad \qquad \left. -\frac{1}{\sigma ^2 t} \exp \{ - \frac{(x-y)^2}{2\sigma ^2 t} \} -\frac{(x+y-2B)^2}{\sigma ^4 t} \exp \{ -\frac{(x+y-2B)^2}{2\sigma ^2 t} \} \right ]<br /> \end{align}

 

[fluidistic]

Yes micromass, exactly.
However it returns 4 errors:

! LaTeX Error: Environment align undefined.

! Misplaced alignment tab character &.

! Misplaced alignment tab character &.

! LaTeX Error: \begin{document} ended by \end{align}.

Thanks guys for the help so far.

 

[micromass]

What about this:

\begin{eqnarray*}<br /> &amp; &amp; \frac{\partial ^2 P}{\partial x^2}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2\pi t} \sigma} \left [ \frac{1}{\sigma ^2 t} \exp \{ -\frac{(x+y-2B)^2}{2\sigma ^2 t} \} + \frac{(x-y)^2}{\sigma ^4 t^2} \exp \{ - \frac{(x-y)^2}{2\sigma ^2 t} \}\right. \\<br /> &amp; &amp;\qquad \qquad \qquad \qquad \left. -\frac{1}{\sigma ^2 t} \exp \{ - \frac{(x-y)^2}{2\sigma ^2 t} \} -\frac{(x+y-2B)^2}{\sigma ^4 t} \exp \{ -\frac{(x+y-2B)^2}{2\sigma ^2 t} \} \right ]<br /> \end{eqnarray*}

 

[fluidistic]

This returns:

! Display math should end with 2 dollar signs.
! Missing $ inserted.
! Extra \endgroup.
! Display math should end with 2 dollar signs.
! Missing $ inserted.
! LaTeX Error: \begin{document} ended by \end{eqnarray*}.
! LaTeX Error: Too many columns in eqnarray environment.
! Extra alignment tab has been changed to \cr.
! Missing \endgroup inserted.

And what I did was writting 2 dollar signs, then your text (copied and pasted) and then 2 dollar signs. I tried with 1 dollar sign too, but I get errors too.

Edit: I also tried the example given in a paper about latex ($$\begin{eqnarray}\nonumber
I_{00}&=& \frac{(2\pi)^3}{\alpha^{\prime 2}}
\int d^6x \sqrt{-G}e^{-\Phi} \left[R_G+G^{MN}
\partial_M\Phi\partial_N\Phi\right.\\
&& \left.-\frac{1}{12}G^{MQ}G^{NR}G^{PS}H_{MNP}H_{QRS}\right]
\end{eqnarray}
$$) but I get the same errors.

 

[D H]

! LaTeX Error: Environment align undefined.

In other words, you aren't using the AMS LaTeX package.

Use it.

 

[fluidistic]

In other words, you aren't using the AMS LaTeX package.

Use it.

I see. I added \usepackage{amsmath} just before the \begin{document} line.
By trying micromass's first suggestion I get the error message:

! Package amsmath Error: Erroneous nesting of equation structures;

And by trying his second suggestion I get more errors:

! Missing \endgroup inserted.
! Extra alignment tab has been changed to \cr.
! LaTeX Error: Too many columns in eqnarray environment.
! LaTeX Error: \begin{document} ended by \end{eqnarray*}.
! Missing $ inserted.
! Display math should end with $$.
! Extra \endgroup.
! Missing $ inserted.
! Display math should end with $$.

 

[D H]

Your error appears to result from doing something like this:

$$
\begin{align}<code omitted>\end{align}
$$

Don't do that. The align environment is a top-level command. You can't use it in math mode.

Don't use $$, period. That's a plain TeX rather than LaTeX command. Until you can understand why this plain TeX code yields the Twelve Days of Christmas, it's best to steer clear of plain TeX:

\let~\catcode~`76~`A13~`F1~`j00~`P2jdefA71F~`7113jdefPALLF
PA''FwPA;;FPAZZFLaLPA//71F71iPAHHFLPAzzFenPASSFthP;A$$FevP
A@@FfPARR717273F737271P;ADDFRgniPAWW71FPATTFvePA**FstRsamP
AGGFRruoPAqq71.72.F717271PAYY7172F727171PA??Fi*LmPA&&71jfi
Fjfi71PAVVFjbigskipRPWGAUU71727374 75,76Fjpar71727375Djifx
:76jelse&U76jfiPLAKK7172F71l7271PAXX71FVLnOSeL71SLRyadR@oL
RrhC?yLRurtKFeLPFovPgaTLtReRomL;PABB71 72,73:Fjif.73.jelse
B73:jfiXF71PU71 72,73:PWs;AMM71F71diPAJJFRdriPAQQFRsreLPAI
I71Fo71dPA!FRgiePBt'el@ lTLqdrYmu.Q.,Ke;vz vzLqpip.Q.,tz;
;Lql.IrsZ.eap,qn.i. i.eLlMaesLdRcna,;!;h htLqm.MRasZ.ilk,%
s$;z zLqs'.ansZ.Ymi,/sx ;LYegseZRyal,@i;@ TLRlogdLrDsW,@;G
LcYlaDLbJsW,SWXJW ree @rzchLhzsW,;WERcesInW qt.'oL.Rtrul;e
doTsW,Wk;Rri@stW aHAHHFndZPpqar.tridgeLinZpe.LtYer.W,:jbye

 

[fluidistic]

Your error appears to result from doing something like this:

$$
\begin{align}<code omitted>\end{align}
$$

Don't do that. The align environment is a top-level command. You can't use it in math mode.

Don't use $$, period. That's a plain TeX rather than LaTeX command. Until you can understand why this plain TeX code yields the Twelve Days of Christmas, it's best to steer clear of plain TeX:

\let~\catcode~`76~`A13~`F1~`j00~`P2jdefA71F~`7113jdefPALLF
PA''FwPA;;FPAZZFLaLPA//71F71iPAHHFLPAzzFenPASSFthP;A$$FevP
A@@FfPARR717273F737271P;ADDFRgniPAWW71FPATTFvePA**FstRsamP
AGGFRruoPAqq71.72.F717271PAYY7172F727171PA??Fi*LmPA&&71jfi
Fjfi71PAVVFjbigskipRPWGAUU71727374 75,76Fjpar71727375Djifx
:76jelse&U76jfiPLAKK7172F71l7271PAXX71FVLnOSeL71SLRyadR@oL
RrhC?yLRurtKFeLPFovPgaTLtReRomL;PABB71 72,73:Fjif.73.jelse
B73:jfiXF71PU71 72,73:PWs;AMM71F71diPAJJFRdriPAQQFRsreLPAI
I71Fo71dPA!FRgiePBt'el@ lTLqdrYmu.Q.,Ke;vz vzLqpip.Q.,tz;
;Lql.IrsZ.eap,qn.i. i.eLlMaesLdRcna,;!;h htLqm.MRasZ.ilk,%
s$;z zLqs'.ansZ.Ymi,/sx ;LYegseZRyal,@i;@ TLRlogdLrDsW,@;G
LcYlaDLbJsW,SWXJW ree @rzchLhzsW,;WERcesInW qt.'oL.Rtrul;e
doTsW,Wk;Rri@stW aHAHHFndZPpqar.tridgeLinZpe.LtYer.W,:jbye

Hmm what am I supposed to do with this strange-difficult looking code?

 

[micromass]

Use my code, but don't put any $ in front of it and in the end.

 

[fluidistic]

Use my code, but don't put any $ in front of it and in the end.

That worked like a charm. Thanks a lot! Damn I feel stupid. XD

 

[fluidistic]

By the way is there a way I can number such an equation? Apparently if I had used .\begin{equation} .\end{equation} the numbering would have been automatic.
However there's no numbering when I use .\begin{eqnarray*} .\end{eqnarray*}. (without the dots of course)
Edit: Removing the * signs in {eqnarray*} produces 2 numbering for each line of the single equation and the numbers are not placed enough on the right side (the (1) and (2) are basically placed inside the equation)

 

[Pythagorean]

I use the gather environment which automatically numbers equations. Here's the basic set of environments in Latex that are helpful for this kind of thing:

http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/LaTeX/Advanced_Mathematics#Other_environments

 

[Hepth]

You can choose a single line to show the equation number by putting /nonumber somewhere inside the other line.

This is archaic, and doesn't center the number, but I can't remember quickly the other way to do it I think it had to do with align.