##\int_a^b x^2\sin(2x)dx## by substitution

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The discussion centers on the manipulation of the integral ##\int_a^b x^2\sin(2x)dx## using integration by parts and substitution. The user explores the validity of their steps, particularly the transition to the integral involving ##\arccos^2(\cos2x)##. The consensus is that while the manipulation appears correct, the final integral is more complex than the original, necessitating further integration by parts for resolution.

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archaic
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Would this be valid manipulation for ##x\in[0,\,\pi/2]##? I know that it is integrable by parts, I just want to know where did the manipulation become invalid, if it did, and why. Thank you!
$$\begin{align*}
\mathrm I&=\int_a^b x^2\sin2x\,dx\\
&\text{I know that }\frac{1}{2}\frac{d(-\cos2x)}{dx}=\sin2x\\
\mathrm I&= -\frac{1}{2}\int_a^b x^2\,d(\cos2x)\\
&=-\frac{1}{8}\int_a^b \arccos(\cos2x)\arccos(\cos2x)\,d(\cos2x)\\
&=-\frac{1}{8}\int_a^b \arccos^2(\cos2x)\,d(\cos2x)\text{ I let }u=\cos2x\\
&=-\frac{1}{8}\int_{\cos2a}^{\cos2b} \arccos^2(u)\,du
\end{align*}$$
 
Last edited:
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archaic said:
Would this be valid manipulation for ##x\in[0,\,\pi/2]##? I know that it is integrable by parts, I just want to know where did the manipulation become invalid, if it did, and why. Thank you!
$$\begin{align*}
\mathrm I&=\int_a^b x^2\sin2x\,dx\\
&\text{I know that }\frac{1}{2}\frac{d(-\cos2x)}{dx}=\sin2x\\
\mathrm I&= -\frac{1}{2}\int_a^b x^2\,d(\cos2x)\\
&=-\frac{1}{8}\int_a^b \arccos(\cos2x)\arccos(\cos2x)\,d(\cos2x)\\
&=-\frac{1}{8}\int_a^b \arccos^2(\cos2x)\,d(\cos2x)\text{ I let }u=\cos2x\\
&=-\frac{1}{8}\int_{\cos2a}^{\cos2b} \arccos^2(u)\,du
\end{align*}$$

I think it looks okay. Although the final integral looks worse than what you started with to me.
 
Last edited:
PeroK said:
I think it looks okay. Although the final integral looks worse that what you started with to me.
Yes it also needs an integration by parts. I just wanted to make sure the manipulation is correct.
 

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