- #1
Dazzabaijan
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Homework Statement
I wish to solve this integral $$b_{lm}(k) = \frac{1}{2(\hbar)^{9/4}(2\pi)^{5/2}\sqrt{\sigma_{px} \sigma_{py} \sigma_{pz}}} \int_{\theta_k = 0}^{\pi}\int_{\varphi_k = 0}^{2\pi} i^l \text{exp}\left[ - \frac{1}{(2\hbar)^2}\left(\frac{(k_z - k_{z0})^2}{\sigma_{pz}^2} + \frac{(k_y - k_{y0})^2}{\sigma_{py}^2} + \frac{(k_x - k_{x0})^2}{\sigma_{px}^2}\right)\right]Y^m_l(\theta_k, \varphi_k) \sin\theta_k d\phi_k d\theta_k$$
which I've obtained from decomposition of a Gaussian into the eigenfunctions of Hydrogen atom.
$$\psi(\textbf{r},0) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\sum_{l=0}^{n-1}\sum_{m=-l}^{l} b_{\textit{nlm}}\varphi_\textit{nlm}(\textbf{r})$$
by performing the scalar product to obtain the expansion coefficient, as such.
$$\begin{equation*}
\begin{split}
\langle\varphi_\textit{nlm}(\textbf{r})|\psi(\textbf{r},0)\rangle &= \langle\varphi_\textit{nlm}(\textbf{r})|\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\sum_{l=0}^{n-1}\sum_{m=-l}^{l} b_{\textit{nlm}}\varphi_\textit{nlm}(\textbf{r})\rangle\\
&= b_{\textit{nlm}}\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\sum_{l=0}^{n-1}\sum_{m=-l}^{l}\langle\varphi_\textit{n'l'm'}(\textbf{r})| \varphi_\textit{nlm}(\textbf{r})\rangle\\
&= b_{\textit{nlm}}\sum_{n=1}^{\infty}\sum_{l=0}^{n-1}\sum_{m=-l}^{l}\delta_{n'n}\delta_{l'l}\delta_{m'm}\\
&= b_{nlm}
\end{split}
\end{equation*}$$
Now using two different way of expressing the Gaussian
##\psi(\textbf{r},0)## allowed me to end up with 2 different terms of #b_{nlm}# which I was able to compare.
$$b_{nlm} = \frac{2}{\pi}\int^{\infty}_{k=0}\int^{\infty}_{r=0} R^*_{nl}(\textbf{r}) b_{lm}(k) j_l(kr) r^2 k^2 dr dk <=> N \int^{\pi}_{\theta_k=0}\int^{2\pi}_{\varphi_k=0}\int^{\infty}_{k=0}\int^{\infty} _{r=0} R^*_{nl}(\textbf{r}) i^l j_l(kr) \eta(\textbf{k}-\textbf{k}_0)Y^m_l(\theta_k, \varphi_k) r^2 k^2 \sin\theta_k dr dk d\varphi_k d\theta_k$$
Homework Equations
The Attempt at a Solution
Now I thought if I set the initial conditions ##k_{x0} = k_{y0} = k_{z_0} = 0## and set all the ##\sigma_{pz} = \sigma_{py} = \sigma_{pz} = \sigma## we see that the integral in the beginning $$b_{lm}(k) = \frac{1}{2(\hbar)^{9/4}(2\pi)^{5/2}\sqrt{\sigma_{px} \sigma_{py} \sigma_{pz}}} \int_{\theta_k = 0}^{\pi}\int_{\varphi_k = 0}^{2\pi} i^l \text{exp}\left[ - \frac{|\textbf{k}|^2}{(2\sigma\hbar)^2}\right]Y^m_l(\theta_k, \varphi_k) \sin\theta_k d\phi_k d\theta_k$$
Now that means I'll be able to move the Gaussian out of the integral
$$b_{lm}(k) = \frac{1}{2(\hbar)^{9/4}(2\pi)^{5/2}\sqrt{\sigma_{px} \sigma_{py} \sigma_{pz}}} \text{exp}\left[ - \frac{k^2}{(2\sigma\hbar)^2}\right]\int_{\theta_k = 0}^{\pi}\int_{\varphi_k = 0}^{2\pi} i^l Y^m_l(\theta_k, \varphi_k) \sin\theta_k d\phi_k d\theta_k$$
and then I can perform the rest of the integral and all is fine. But the problem is my project requires for me such that ##k_{y0} \neq 0## and ##k_{x0} = k_{z0} = 0##
And for that to happen I'll have to change my Gaussian into spherical polar coordinate using
$$k_x = k\cos\theta_k\sin\varphi_k$$
$$k_y = k\sin\theta_k\sin\varphi_k$$
$$k_z = k\cos\varphi$$
$$k^2 = k_x^2 + k_y^2 + k_z^2$$
which makes the previous manoeuvre not possible. From what my supervisor said he told me to find a form of Spherical Harmonics that's not defined at the origin? So I'm assuming that there's a form of Spherical Harmonics which I could start at a coordinates same as the Gaussian then I should be able to solve the integral.