Interval Bisection: Solve for Root in [1, 2]

[aurao2003]

Homework Statement

Hi
Please, I need clarification on this queston

Show that the equation
0 = x/2 -1/x
,x>0, has a root in the interval [1, 2].

b Obtain the root, using interval bisection two times. Give your answer to two significant figures.

Homework Equations

Change in sign of values between (a+b)/2

The Attempt at a Solution

I am actually wondering how many times do I find (a+b)/2. The question obviously states twice. But the answer was based on 4 interval bisections! I obtained 1.3 and they obtained 1.4. Can anyone please comment?

 

[Mark44]

If you bisect the interval once you get two halves. If you bisect one of these halves again, you get two quarters. Is that what you're asking?

Show what you did to get 1.3...

 

[aurao2003]

For the a part
I said let f(x) = x/2 - 1/x
f(1) = 0.5-1= -0.5
f(2) = 1-0.5= 0.5
There is a change of sign between f(1) and f(2). Therefore a root exists in the interval
[1,2]
I now used these values to obtain f(a+b/2)
So, for example (a+b)/2 = 1.5 (When considering Interval 1,2). I noticed where the signs changed and took a new interval. This led to my result of 1.3.

 

[Mark44]

If you bisect the interval [1, 2], you get two intervals: [1, 1.5] and [1.5, 2]. Since the function changes sign in the first interval, there's a root in [1, 1.5].

If you bisect the interval [1, 1.5], you get two more intervals: [1, 1.25] and [1.25, 1.5]. In one of these two intervals, the function changes sign, so an estimate for the root is the midpoint of that interval.

I agree with your book's answer.

 

[verty]

You bisect two intervals, then take the midpoint of the next interval.

 

[aurao2003]

If you bisect the interval [1, 2], you get two intervals: [1, 1.5] and [1.5, 2]. Since the function changes sign in the first interval, there's a root in [1, 1.5].

If you bisect the interval [1, 1.5], you get two more intervals: [1, 1.25] and [1.25, 1.5]. In one of these two intervals, the function changes sign, so an estimate for the root is the midpoint of that interval.

I agree with your book's answer.

I am not doubting the answer in the book. But I will like to know how many bisection intervals you applied. I obtained 1.3 after 3 intervals. The root is closer to 1.4 as the book states. My diiference of opinion is regarding how many intervals were used.

 

[Mark44]

Count how many times I wrote "bisect the interval" in post #4. The root estimate is the middle of the interval [1.25, 1.5]. It might seem like we're bisecting the interval for a third time to do this, but we're not. Notice that the number in the middle of [1.25, 1.5] is not 1.3.

 

[HallsofIvy]

The first interval is [1, 2] f(1)= 1/2- 1= -1/2< 0. f(2)= 2/2- 1/2= 1/2> 0.

The midpoint of that interval is 3/2= 1.5. f(3/2)= 3/4- 2/3> 0 so the new interval is [1, 3/2].

The midpoint of that interval is 5/4= 1.25. f(5/4)= 5/8- 8/5= (25- 64)/8< 0 so our new interval is [5/4, 3/2]

The midpoint of that interval is 11/8 =1.375. f(11/8)= 11/16- 8/11= (121- 128)/176< 0 so our new interval [5/4, 11/8].

The midpoint of that interval is 21/16= 1.3125. f(21/16)= 21/32- 16/21= (441- 512)/672< 0 so our new interval is [5/4. 21/16].

The midpoint of that interval is 41/32= 1.28125.

Since the last two both round to 1.3, that is the correct answer to two significant figures.
x/2 - 1/x

 

[Mark44]

It seems to come down to how you count. In my way of thinking, the first bisection gives you [1, 3/2] and [3/2, 2], with the root being in the first subinterval.

When you bisect the [1, 3/2] interval, you get [1, 5/4] and [5/4, 3/2]. Since f(5/4) and f(3/2) are opposite in sign, but the same is not true for f(1) and f(5/4), the root is in the interval [5/4, 3/2]. To get an estimate of the root take the midpoint of that interval, which is 11/8, or 1.375. Rounded to two significant figures, this is 1.4. I am distinguishing between taking the midpoint of an interval for the root estimate and doing another bisection. Since the 1.4 result agrees with the answer in the book, I believe this is what the authors had in mind. 1.4 is also closer to the analytic solution, which is $\sqrt{2} \approx 1.414$.

BTW, Halls, f(5/4) = 5/8 - 4/5, not 5/8 - 8/5, as you had.